subsume

See also: subsumé

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin subsūmere, from sub- +‎ sūmō (“I take”). Compare English consume.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /səbˈsjuːm/
• (US) IPA^(key): /səbˈsuːm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːm

Verb

subsume (third-person singular simple present subsumes, present participle subsuming, simple past and past participle subsumed)

1. (transitive) To place (any one cognition) under another as belonging to it; to include or contain something else.
   • March 14, 2018, Roger Penrose writing in The Guardian, 'Mind over matter': Stephen Hawking – obituary

     A few years later (in a paper published by the Royal Society in 1970, by which time Hawking had become a fellow “for distinction in science” of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge), he and I joined forces to publish an even more powerful theorem which subsumed almost all the work in this area that had gone before.

   • 1961: J. A. Philip. Mimesis in the Sophistês of Plato. In: Proceedings and Transactions of the American Philological Association 92. p. 453--468.

     no allusion is made to forms because Plato is subsuming under the class of productive crafts both divine and human imitation;

2. (transitive) To consider an occurrence as part of a principle or rule; to colligate. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

Related terms

• subsumation
• subsumption

Translations

to place under another as belonging to it

• Catalan: subsumir (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 归入 (zh) (guīrù)

• Dutch: onderbrengen (nl), plaatsen in
• Finnish: sisällyttää (fi), liittää (fi), subsumoida
• French: subsumer (fr), impliquer (fr) (logic)
• German: einordnen (de), fassen (de), klassifizieren (de), subsumieren (de), zusammenfassen (de)
• Greek: υπάγω (el) (ypágo), εντάσσω (el) (entásso)
• Irish: fo-ghlac
• Italian: classificare (it), includere (it), contenere (it)
• Portuguese: classificar (pt), incluir (pt), subordinar (pt)
• Russian: включа́ть в какую-л. категорию (vključátʹ v kakuju-l. kategoriju)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: подво̀дити impf, укључи́вати impf

  Roman: podvòditi (sh) impf, uključívati (sh) impf

• Spanish: subsumir (es)
• Swedish: sammanfatta (sv)
• Turkish: içine almak (tr), dâhil etmek (tr), ihtivâ etmek (tr), kapsamak (tr), sınıflandırmak (tr)

to consider an occurrence as part of a principle or rule

• Bulgarian: отнасям към (otnasjam kǎm)
• Dutch: veralgemenen (nl), verenigen (nl)
• Finnish: liittää (fi), subsumoida
• French: généraliser (fr), rejoindre (fr), colliger (fr)
• German: verbinden (de), vereinigen (de)
• Spanish: subsumir (es)

French

Verb

subsume

1. inflection of subsumer:
   1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. second-person singular imperative

Spanish

Verb

subsume

1. inflection of subsumir:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative