shindika

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

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Verb

-shindika (infinitive kushindika)

1. Stative form of -shinda: to be won
2. to be closed

Conjugation

Conjugation of -shindika
Positive present -nashindika Subjunctive -shindike Negative -shindiki Imperative singular shindika
Infinitives
Positive kushindika Negative kutoshindika
Imperatives
Singular shindika Plural shindikeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hushindika Positive past positive subject concord + -lishindika Negative past negative subject concord + -kushindika
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashindika) Singular Plural 1st person ninashindika/nashindika tunashindika 2nd person unashindika mnashindika 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anashindika wanashindika other classes positive subject concord + -nashindika
Negative present (negative subject concord + -shindiki) Singular Plural 1st person sishindiki hatushindiki 2nd person hushindiki hamshindiki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hashindiki hawashindiki other classes negative subject concord + -shindiki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tashindika Negative future negative subject concord + -tashindika
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shindike) Singular Plural 1st person nishindike tushindike 2nd person ushindike mshindike 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashindike washindike other classes positive subject concord + -shindike
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sishindike Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeshindika Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeshindika Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalishindika Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalishindika
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashindika) Singular Plural 1st person nashindika twashindika 2nd person washindika mwashindika 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashindika washindika m-mi(III/IV) washindika yashindika ji-ma(V/VI) lashindika yashindika ki-vi(VII/VIII) chashindika vyashindika n(IX/X) yashindika zashindika u(XI) washindika see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwashindika pa(XVI) pashindika mu(XVIII) mwashindika
Perfect positive subject concord + -meshindika "Already" positive subject concord + -meshashindika "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jashindika "If/When" positive subject concord + -kishindika "If not" positive subject concord + -siposhindika Consecutive kashindika / positive subject concord + -kashindika Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kashindike
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nishindika -tushindika 2nd person -kushindika -washindika/-kushindikeni/-washindikeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mshindika -washindika m-mi(III/IV) -ushindika -ishindika ji-ma(V/VI) -lishindika -yashindika ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kishindika -vishindika n(IX/X) -ishindika -zishindika u(XI) -ushindika see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kushindika pa(XVI) -pashindika mu(XVIII) -mushindika Reflexive -jishindika
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shindika- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -shindikaye -shindikao m-mi(III/IV) -shindikao -shindikayo ji-ma(V/VI) -shindikalo -shindikayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -shindikacho -shindikavyo n(IX/X) -shindikayo -shindikazo u(XI) -shindikao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -shindikako pa(XVI) -shindikapo mu(XVIII) -shindikamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shindika) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yeshindika -oshindika m-mi(III/IV) -oshindika -yoshindika ji-ma(V/VI) -loshindika -yoshindika ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choshindika -vyoshindika n(IX/X) -yoshindika -zoshindika u(XI) -oshindika see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -koshindika pa(XVI) -poshindika mu(XVIII) -moshindika
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Reciprocal: -shindikana (“to become difficult”)