sóher
Appearance
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Yiddish שחור (shokher, “black”), from Hebrew שחור/שָׁחֹר (shakhór, “black”), possibly through German schocher (used in argot), having the same semantic shift of “black” → “poor” as occurred with schwarz.[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]sóher (comparative sóherebb, superlative legsóherebb)
- (colloquial) poor (with little or no money)
- (colloquial, derogatory) stingy (unwilling to spend, give, or share)
- Synonyms: garasoskodó, krajcároskodó, smucig, fösvény, fukar, szűkmarkú, zsugori
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | sóher | sóherek |
accusative | sóhert | sóhereket |
dative | sóhernek | sóhereknek |
instrumental | sóherrel | sóherekkel |
causal-final | sóherért | sóherekért |
translative | sóherré | sóherekké |
terminative | sóherig | sóherekig |
essive-formal | sóherként | sóherekként |
essive-modal | sóherül | — |
inessive | sóherben | sóherekben |
superessive | sóheren | sóhereken |
adessive | sóhernél | sóhereknél |
illative | sóherbe | sóherekbe |
sublative | sóherre | sóherekre |
allative | sóherhez | sóherekhez |
elative | sóherből | sóherekből |
delative | sóherről | sóherekről |
ablative | sóhertől | sóherektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
sóheré | sóhereké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
sóheréi | sóherekéi |
Noun
[edit]sóher (plural sóherek)
- (colloquial) a pauper (someone who is poor)
- 1975, Imre Kertész, Sorstalanság, Budapest: Magvető Könyvkiadó (2016), →ISBN, page 25:
- – A tizenkettedik órában vagyunk – így szólt, egyre a kezét dörzsölgetve. S még azt is hozzátette: – Bár olyan biztos lettem volna akármelyik tippemben, mint ebben, akkor most nem egy sóher lennék!
- “We are in the twelfth hour,” he said, rubbing his hands together constantly. And then he added: “I wish I had been this sure of some of my other tips. I wouldn't be a pauper now.” [Katharina M. Wilson and Christopher C. Wilson]
“We are now at the twelfth hour,” was how he put it, rubbing his hands all the more. To that he also added, “If I had ever been so sure about any of my tips as I am about this one, I wouldn’t be stone broke now!” [Tim Wilkinson]
- “We are in the twelfth hour,” he said, rubbing his hands together constantly. And then he added: “I wish I had been this sure of some of my other tips. I wouldn't be a pauper now.” [Katharina M. Wilson and Christopher C. Wilson]
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | sóher | sóherek |
accusative | sóhert | sóhereket |
dative | sóhernek | sóhereknek |
instrumental | sóherrel | sóherekkel |
causal-final | sóherért | sóherekért |
translative | sóherré | sóherekké |
terminative | sóherig | sóherekig |
essive-formal | sóherként | sóherekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | sóherben | sóherekben |
superessive | sóheren | sóhereken |
adessive | sóhernél | sóhereknél |
illative | sóherbe | sóherekbe |
sublative | sóherre | sóherekre |
allative | sóherhez | sóherekhez |
elative | sóherből | sóherekből |
delative | sóherről | sóherekről |
ablative | sóhertől | sóherektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
sóheré | sóhereké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
sóheréi | sóherekéi |
Possessive forms of sóher | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | sóherem | sóhereim |
2nd person sing. | sóhered | sóhereid |
3rd person sing. | sóhere | sóherei |
1st person plural | sóherünk | sóhereink |
2nd person plural | sóheretek | sóhereitek |
3rd person plural | sóherük | sóhereik |
References
[edit]- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
- ^ sóher in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- sóher in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Categories:
- Hungarian terms derived from Yiddish
- Hungarian terms derived from Hebrew
- Hungarian terms derived from German
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛr
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛr/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian adjectives
- Hungarian colloquialisms
- Hungarian derogatory terms
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian terms with quotations