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sár

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "sar"

Faroese

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Etymology

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From Old Norse sár, from Proto-Germanic *sairą.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sár n (genitive singular sárs, plural sár)

  1. wound

Declension

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n3 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sár sárið sár sárini
accusative sár sárið sár sárini
dative sári sárinum sárum sárunum
genitive sárs sársins sára sáranna

Hungarian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Oghur *šār (compare Chuvash шур (šur, “swamp”)), from Proto-Turkic *siāŕ (“marsh, dirt”). Compare also Bashkir һаҙ (haź, “swamp, marsh”), Kazakh саз (saz, “mud”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈʃaːr]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -aːr
  • Hyphenation: sár

Noun

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sár (usually uncountable, plural sarak)

  1. mud (a mixture of water and soil or fine grained sediment)
  2. (figuratively) mud, dirt, dust, mire, smirch (miserable, shameful, despised situation or condition)
  3. (figurative, with a possessive suffix, informal) sin, fault, wrong, culpability
    Synonyms: hiba, felelősség
  4. Synonym of agyag (“clay, loam”)

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative sár sarak
accusative sarat sarakat
dative sárnak saraknak
instrumental sárral sarakkal
causal-final sárért sarakért
translative sárrá sarakká
terminative sárig sarakig
essive-formal sárként sarakként
essive-modal — —
inessive sárban sarakban
superessive sáron sarakon
adessive sárnál saraknál
illative sárba sarakba
sublative sárra sarakra
allative sárhoz sarakhoz
elative sárból sarakból
delative sárról sarakról
ablative sártól saraktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular 		sáré saraké
non-attributive
possessive – plural 		sáréi sarakéi
Possessive forms of sár
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. saram saraim
2nd person sing. sarad saraid
3rd person sing. sara sarai
1st person plural sarunk saraink
2nd person plural saratok saraitok
3rd person plural saruk saraik

Derived terms

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(Compound words):
(Expressions):

See also

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Further reading

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  • sár in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse sárr, from Proto-Germanic *sairaz.

Adjective

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sár (comparative sárari, superlative sárastur)

  1. painful, sore
    Synonym: kvalafullur
    Á! Þetta er sárt!
    Ouch! This hurts!
  2. bitter, distressing
    Synonym: átakanlegur
  3. hurt, offended, embittered
    Synonym: gramur
Declension
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positive forms of sár
strong declension
(indefinite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative sár sár sárt
accusative sáran sára
dative sárum sárri sáru
genitive sárs sárrar sárs
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative sárir sárar sár
accusative sára
dative sárum
genitive sárra
weak declension
(definite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative sári sára sára
acc/dat/gen sára sáru
plural (all-case) sáru
comparative forms of sár
weak declension
(definite) 		masculine feminine neuter
singular (all-case) sárari sárari sárara
plural (all-case) sárari
superlative forms of sár
strong declension
(indefinite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative sárastur sárust sárast
accusative sárastan sárasta
dative sárustum sárastri sárustu
genitive sárasts sárastrar sárasts
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative sárastir sárastar sárust
accusative sárasta
dative sárustum
genitive sárastra
weak declension
(definite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative sárasti sárasta sárasta
acc/dat/gen sárasta sárustu
plural (all-case) sárustu
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Old Norse sár, from Proto-Germanic *sairą. Cognate with Swedish sår.

Noun

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sár n (genitive singular sárs, nominative plural sár)

  1. a wound
    Synonym: (poetic) und
Declension
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Declension of sár (neuter)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sár sárið sár sárin
accusative sár sárið sár sárin
dative sári sárinu sárum sárunum
genitive sárs sársins sára sáranna
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Inherited from Old Norse sár, from Proto-Germanic *saihaz.

Noun

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sár m (genitive singular sás, nominative plural sáir)

  1. (archaic) cask
Declension
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Declension of sár (masculine)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sár sárinn sáir sáirnir
accusative sá sáinn sái sáina
dative sá sánum sáum sáunum
genitive sás sásins sáa sáanna

Anagrams

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Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From a conflation of Old Irish sár m (“chief, ruler”) and English tsar, Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. The Old Irish may be elliptical for some such compound like (modern) sárfhear.

Noun

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sár m (genitive singular sáir, nominative plural sáir)

  1. tsar
  2. (literary) overlord, ruler
Declension
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Declension of sár (first declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative sár sáir
vocative a sháir a shára
genitive sáir sár
dative sár sáir
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an sár na sáir
genitive an tsáir na sár
dative leis an sár
don sár 		leis na sáir
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Irish sár m (“outrage, insult, humiliation”), from Proto-Celtic *sagros, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *sāxsro-, from *soǵʰ-sro-, from *seǵʰ- (“to overpower”), with vowel lengthening.[1] See *segos (“force”).

Noun

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sár m (genitive singular sáir)

  1. (literary) violation, outrage; humiliation
Declension
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Declension of sár (first declension, no plural)
bare forms
case singular
nominative sár
vocative a sháir
genitive sáir
dative sár
forms with the definite article
case singular
nominative an sár
genitive an tsáir
dative leis an sár
don sár
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 327–sego

Mutation

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Mutated forms of sár
radical lenition eclipsis
sár shár
after an, tsár 		not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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Old Norse

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Etymology 1

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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sár m (genitive sás, plural sáir)

  1. a large cask
Declension
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Declension of sár (strong i-stem, s-genitive)
masculine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sár sárinn sáir sáirnir
accusative sá sáinn sái sáina
dative sái, sá sáinum, sánum sám sánum
genitive sás sásins sá sánna
Descendants
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  • Norwegian Nynorsk: så
  • Norwegian Bokmål: så

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Norse *ᛊᚨᛁᚱᚨ (*saira) (attested in compound), from Proto-Germanic *sairą.

Noun

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sár n (genitive sárs, plural sǫ́r)

  2. a wound
Declension
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Declension of sár (strong a-stem)
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sár sárit sǫ́r sǫ́rin
accusative sár sárit sǫ́r sǫ́rin
dative sári sárinu sǫ́rum sǫ́runum
genitive sárs sársins sára sáranna
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  • sárr (“sore, aching; wounded”)
Descendants
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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

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sár

  1. strong feminine nominative singular of sárr
  2. strong neuter nominative/accusative plural of sárr

Further reading

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  1. page/352 Internet Archive]
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