Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/sāŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology 1

Compared to Proto-Mongolic *sïraxu (“earth”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*sāŕ

1. marsh, dirt

Declension

Declension of *sāŕ

	singular 3)
nominative	*sāŕ
accusative	*sāŕïg, *sāŕnï1)
genitive	*sāŕnïŋ
dative	*sāŕka
locative	*sāŕta
ablative	*sāŕtan
allative	*sāŕgaru
instrumental 2)	*sāŕïn
equative 2)	*sāŕča
similative 2)	*sāŕlayu
comitative 2)	*sāŕlïgu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Derived terms

• *siāŕlïk (“swamp, muddy place”)
• *siāŕgan (“carp; dragon”)

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: шур (šur)
  • → Hungarian: sár
• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz: (“reed”)
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: saz (“reed”)
    • Gagauz: saaz
    • Ottoman Turkish: صاز (saz), ساز (saz)
      • Turkish: saz
      • → Armenian: սազ (saz)
      • → Ubykh: саӡ (sadz)
  • Turkmen: sāz, sāzlyk (“reed growth”)
• Karluk:
  • Uzbek: soz
  • Uyghur: ساز (saz)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: [script needed] (haδ)
    • Tatar: саз (saz)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: саз (saz)
      • Nogai: саз (saz)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Southern Altai: сас (sas)
• Siberian:
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: сас (sas)

Etymology 2

Noun

*sāŕ

1. white, yellowish white

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: шур (šur, “white”)
• Common Turkic: *sāz, *sāz-

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish: ساز
    • Ottoman Turkish: ساز (saz, “yellow”)
  • Turkmen: sāz
    • ⇒ Turkmen: sārgylt
• Kipchak:
  • South Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: саз (saz)
• ⇒ Old Uyghur: 𐽻𐽰𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (sazɡan, “pink, rose”)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*si̯ā̀jri”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*si̯ắŕi”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill