runāt
See also: run at
Latvian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the same stem as the noun runa (“talk, speech”) (q.v.), made into a 2nd conjugation verb.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]
Verb
[edit]runāt (transitive or intransitive, 2nd conjugation, present runāju, runā, runā, past runāju)
- to speak, to talk (to express oneself with language)
- jautri runāt ― to talk merrily, cheerfully
- dedzīgi runāt ― to talk eagerly, fierily
- runāt mierīgi ― to speak calmly, quietly
- runāt skaidri, klusi ― to speak clearly, softly
- runāt pa telefonu ― to speak on the telephone
- es sāku runāt ― I began to talk
- mācīt bērnu runāt ― to teach a child to speak
- to speak in a certain language
- runāt latviski, franciski ― to speak Latvian, French
- to tell, to speak, to pronounce
- runāt taisnību ― to tell the truth
- runāt glaimus ― to speak flatteries
- runāt melus ― to tell lies
- runāt dedzīgus vārdus ― to speak, pronounce eager, enthusiastic words
- nav ko runāt ― there is nothing to talk (about)
- tēvs ir grūtu mūžu nodzīvojis, un viņš niekus nerunās ― father has lived a difficult life, he won't speak nonsense
- Nora prot izteiksmīgi runāt dzejoļus ― Nora can say, read poems eloquently
- to talk (to someone), to converse, to communicate orally (with someone)
- runāt savā starpā ― to talk to each other
- runāt ar draugu ― to talk to a friend
- plašā apkārtnē par kāzām runāja rītā un vakarā ― (people from) all around talked day and night about the weading
- pie tēva atnāca zvejas biedrs, viņi runāja, ka vajadzētu iemest vakar izžautos tīklus ― a fellow fisherman came to father, they talked (about the fact) that it would be necessary to throw the net that had been hung out
- to talk, to say, to speak, to express (e.g., writing, a work of art)
- A. Upīts savā lugā bija pateicis kaut ko tādu, par ko līdz tam nebija runājuši latviešu dramaturgi ― A. Upīts had said in his play something about which Latvian playwrights had not talked until then
- ir neliela dziesmu grupa, kas runā par draudzīgām attieksmēm ar poļiem, leišiem, igauņiem ― there is a small group of songs that speak of friendly attitudes towards the Poles, the Lithuanians, the Estonians
- krāsām uz audekla jārunā pašām, jārunā tā, lai nosaukums kļūst lieks ― the colors on the canvass must speak by themselves, they must speak in such a way that the name becomes unnecessary
- (in the 3rd person) to talk, to speak, to say (to provide information; to be such that one can get or deduce information from it)
- aktrise spēlē arī klusējot; viņas klusums ir sprieguma pilns, jo uz skatītāju runā acu izteiksme, sejas vaibsti, rokas un augums ― an actress plays also in silence; her silence is full of tension, because her eye expression, her facial features, her hand and posture speak to the viewers
- izskaidrot, kas īsti te noticis, nebija laika, bet tas nemaz nebija vajadzīgs: Makša izskats runāja pats par sevi ― there was no time to explain what had really happened here, but this wasn't necessary: Makšs' appearance spoke by itself
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of runāt
| INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) | IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (tagadne) |
Past (pagātne) |
Future (nākotne) | |||
| 1st pers. sg. | es | runāju | runāju | runāšu | — |
| 2nd pers. sg. | tu | runā | runāji | runāsi | runā |
| 3rd pers. sg. | viņš, viņa | runā | runāja | runās | lai runā |
| 1st pers. pl. | mēs | runājam | runājām | runāsim | runāsim |
| 2nd pers. pl. | jūs | runājat | runājāt | runāsiet, runāsit |
runājiet |
| 3rd pers. pl. | viņi, viņas | runā | runāja | runās | lai runā |
| RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) | PARTICIPLES (divdabji) | ||||
| Present | runājot | Present Active 1 (Adj.) | runājošs | ||
| Past | esot runājis | Present Active 2 (Adv.) | runādams | ||
| Future | runāšot | Present Active 3 (Adv.) | runājot | ||
| Imperative | lai runājot | Present Active 4 (Obj.) | runājam | ||
| CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) | Past Active | runājis | |||
| Present | runātu | Present Passive | runājams | ||
| Past | būtu runājis | Past Passive | runāts | ||
| DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) | NOMINAL FORMS | ||||
| Indicative | (būt) jārunā | Infinitive (nenoteiksme) | runāt | ||
| Conjunctive 1 | esot jārunā | Negative Infinitive | nerunāt | ||
| Conjunctive 2 | jārunājot | Verbal noun | runāšana | ||
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- prefixed verbs:
- other derived terms:
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “runāt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN