pumua

Swahili

Etymology

From -puma.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-pumua (infinitive kupumua)

1. to breathe
2. to rest

Conjugation

Conjugation of -pumua
Positive present -napumua Subjunctive -pumue Negative -pumui Imperative singular pumua
Infinitives
Positive kupumua Negative kutopumua
Imperatives
Singular pumua Plural pumueni
Tensed forms
Habitual hupumua Positive past positive subject concord + -lipumua Negative past negative subject concord + -kupumua
Positive present (positive subject concord + -napumua) Singular Plural 1st person ninapumua/napumua tunapumua 2nd person unapumua mnapumua 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anapumua wanapumua other classes positive subject concord + -napumua
Negative present (negative subject concord + -pumui) Singular Plural 1st person sipumui hatupumui 2nd person hupumui hampumui 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hapumui hawapumui other classes negative subject concord + -pumui
Positive future positive subject concord + -tapumua Negative future negative subject concord + -tapumua
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -pumue) Singular Plural 1st person nipumue tupumue 2nd person upumue mpumue 3rd person m-wa(I/II) apumue wapumue other classes positive subject concord + -pumue
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sipumue Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngepumua Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singepumua Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalipumua Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalipumua
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apumua) Singular Plural 1st person napumua twapumua 2nd person wapumua mwapumua 3rd person m-wa(I/II) apumua wapumua m-mi(III/IV) wapumua yapumua ji-ma(V/VI) lapumua yapumua ki-vi(VII/VIII) chapumua vyapumua n(IX/X) yapumua zapumua u(XI) wapumua see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwapumua pa(XVI) papumua mu(XVIII) mwapumua
Perfect positive subject concord + -mepumua "Already" positive subject concord + -meshapumua "Not yet" negative subject concord + -japumua "If/When" positive subject concord + -kipumua "If not" positive subject concord + -sipopumua Consecutive kapumua / positive subject concord + -kapumua Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kapumue
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nipumua -tupumua 2nd person -kupumua -wapumua/-kupumueni/-wapumueni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mpumua -wapumua m-mi(III/IV) -upumua -ipumua ji-ma(V/VI) -lipumua -yapumua ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kipumua -vipumua n(IX/X) -ipumua -zipumua u(XI) -upumua see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kupumua pa(XVI) -papumua mu(XVIII) -mupumua Reflexive -jipumua
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -pumua- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -pumuaye -pumuao m-mi(III/IV) -pumuao -pumuayo ji-ma(V/VI) -pumualo -pumuayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -pumuacho -pumuavyo n(IX/X) -pumuayo -pumuazo u(XI) -pumuao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -pumuako pa(XVI) -pumuapo mu(XVIII) -pumuamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -pumua) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yepumua -opumua m-mi(III/IV) -opumua -yopumua ji-ma(V/VI) -lopumua -yopumua ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chopumua -vyopumua n(IX/X) -yopumua -zopumua u(XI) -opumua see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kopumua pa(XVI) -popumua mu(XVIII) -mopumua
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Nominal derivations:
  • pumu (“asthma”)
  • upumuaji (“breathing”)