probo

See also: Probo, probó, and próbo

Galician

Verb

probo

1. first-person singular present indicative of probar

Further reading

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “probar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin probus, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-bʰuH-s (“being in front”), from *pro- (“being in front”), extended form of the root *per (“through, forward”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈprɔ.bo/
• Rhymes: -ɔbo
• Hyphenation: prò‧bo

Adjective

probo (feminine proba, masculine plural probi, feminine plural probe)

1. having strong moral principles; honest, decent, virtuous

Derived terms

• probamente

Related terms

• probità

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *proβwāō, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-bʰH-wó-s (“being in front”), from *pro- (“forward”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”). Equivalent to probus (“good, fit”) +‎ -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpro.boː/, [ˈprɔboː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpro.bo/, [ˈprɔːbo]

Verb

probō (present infinitive probāre, perfect active probāvī, supine probātum); first conjugation

1. to approve, permit, commend

   Synonyms: approbō, assentiō, cōnscīscō, scīscō, adnuō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.110-112:

     “[...] sī Iuppiter ūnam / esse velit Tyriīs urbem Troiāque profectīs, / miscērīve probet populōs, aut foedera iungī.”

     [Venus tells Juno that she is uncertain] “whether Jupiter wills [there] to be one city derived from Tyrians and Trojans, [and] if he will approve [of us] having blended [these] peoples, or the treaties to unite [them].”

2. to test, to inspect

   Synonyms: periclitor, experior, tempto, explōrō, spectō

3. to examine

   Synonyms: reputō, cōnsīderō, perpendō, circumspiciō, spectō

4. to demonstrate, to prove, to show
   • 46 BCE, Cicero, Pro Ligario 16.2:

     Quod sī probāre Caesarī possēmus in Āfricā Ligārium omninō nōn fuisse […]

     But if we could prove to Caesar that Ligarius wasn't even in Africa […]

5. to acquit, to exonerate

   Synonyms: absolvō, līberō, exonerō

   Antonyms: coarguō, comperiō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of probō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	probō		probās		probat		probāmus		probātis		probant
	imperfect	probābam		probābās		probābat		probābāmus		probābātis		probābant
	future	probābō		probābis		probābit		probābimus		probābitis		probābunt
	perfect	probāvī		probāvistī, probāstī1		probāvit, probāt1		probāvimus, probāmus1		probāvistis, probāstis1		probāvērunt, probārunt, probāvēre1
	pluperfect	probāveram, probāram1		probāverās, probārās1		probāverat, probārat1		probāverāmus, probārāmus1		probāverātis, probārātis1		probāverant, probārant1
	future perfect	probāverō, probārō1		probāveris, probāris1		probāverit, probārit1		probāverimus, probārimus1		probāveritis, probāritis1		probāverint, probārint1
passive	present	probor		probāris, probāre		probātur		probāmur		probāminī		probantur
	imperfect	probābar		probābāris, probābāre		probābātur		probābāmur		probābāminī		probābantur
	future	probābor		probāberis, probābere		probābitur		probābimur		probābiminī		probābuntur
	perfect	probātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	probātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	probātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	probem		probēs		probet		probēmus		probētis		probent
	imperfect	probārem		probārēs		probāret		probārēmus		probārētis		probārent
	perfect	probāverim, probārim1		probāverīs, probārīs1		probāverit, probārit1		probāverīmus, probārīmus1		probāverītis, probārītis1		probāverint, probārint1
	pluperfect	probāvissem, probāssem1		probāvissēs, probāssēs1		probāvisset, probāsset1		probāvissēmus, probāssēmus1		probāvissētis, probāssētis1		probāvissent, probāssent1
passive	present	prober		probēris, probēre		probētur		probēmur		probēminī		probentur
	imperfect	probārer		probārēris, probārēre		probārētur		probārēmur		probārēminī		probārentur
	perfect	probātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	probātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		probā		—		—		probāte		—
	future	—		probātō		probātō		—		probātōte		probantō
passive	present	—		probāre		—		—		probāminī		—
	future	—		probātor		probātor		—		—		probantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		probāre			probārī			probāns			—
future		probātūrum esse			probātum īrī			probātūrus			probandus
perfect		probāvisse, probāsse1			probātum esse			—			probātus
future perfect		—			probātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		probātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		probandī		probandō		probandum		probandō		probātum		probātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

• approbō
• comprobō
• improbō
• proba
• probābilis
• probāmentum
• probātor
• probātus
• reprobō

Descendants

• Aragonese: prebar
• Asturian: probar
• Catalan: provar
• Friulian: provâ
• Galician: probar
• Italian: provare
  • → Esperanto: provi
• Occitan: provar
• Old French: prover, prouver, pruver
  • French: prouver
  • → German: prüfen
  • → Old English: prōfian
    • Middle English: proven
      • English: prove
  (see there for further descendants)
• Portuguese: provar
• Romanian: proba
• Romansch: pruvar, pruver, pruar, provar
• Sardinian: proai, proare, probare, provai, provare
• Sicilian: pruvari
• Spanish: probar
  • → Ido: probar
• Venetan: provar, proar
• → Dutch: proberen, proeven
• → English: probe
• → German: probieren, proben
• → Hungarian: próbál
• → Old Irish: promaid
  • Irish: promh

References

• “probo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “probo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• probo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a thing meets with my approval: res mihi probatur
    
  • I express my approval of a thing: res a me probatur
    
  • to quote precedents for a thing: aliquid exemplis probare, comprobare, confirmare
    
  • to prove one's point to a person's satisfaction: aliquid alicui probare (or c. Acc. c. Inf.)
    
  • it follows from what we have shown: hoc probato consequens est
    
• probo in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin probus (“good, virtuous”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpɾo.bu/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpɾo.bu/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpɾo.bo/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈpɾo.bu/ [ˈpɾo.βu]

• Hyphenation: pro‧bo

Adjective

probo (feminine proba, masculine plural probos, feminine plural probas)

1. honest, decent, virtuous (having strong moral principles)

Related terms

• probidade

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin probus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɾobo/ [ˈpɾo.β̞o]
• Rhymes: -obo
• Syllabification: pro‧bo

Adjective

probo (feminine proba, masculine plural probos, feminine plural probas)

1. (formal) honest, upright

   Synonyms: honesto, honrado

   Antonym: ímprobo

Derived terms

• probidad

Further reading

• “probo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10