paeniteo

Latin

Alternative forms

• poeniteō, paeniteor (post-classical)
• paenitīre (Late Latin)

Etymology

Perhaps related to paene (“almost”) and to paenūria (“shortage”), meaning lack/shortage/dissatisfaction.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /pae̯ˈni.te.oː/, [päe̯ˈnɪt̪eoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /peˈni.te.o/, [peˈniːt̪eo]

Verb

paeniteō (present infinitive paenitēre, perfect active paenituī, future active participle paenitūrus); second conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle, impersonal in the passive

1. to cause to repent
2. to regret, repent; to be sorry
3. (impersonal) (with accusative of person, genitive of thing or infinitive) to regret
   • 59 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum 2.23.2:

     Prīmum igitur illud tē scīre volō, Sampsiceramum, nostrum amīcum, vehementer suī stātūs paenitēre restituīque in eum locum cupere ex quō dēcidit.

     First then I want you to know that our friend Sampsiceramus [Pompey] is bitterly unhappy about his position and longs to get back to where he stood before his fall.

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.51–52:

     Sed neque paeniteat, nec gēns mihi cārior ūlla est:
     hīc colar, hīc teneam cum Iove templa meō.

     And yet neither is there regret, nor is any other nation dearer to me: here may I be worshipped, here may I occupy the temple with my Jupiter.
     (Juno, after telling of the people and places she could have protected, now says she favors Rome.)

   Mē paenitet alicuius reī.

   I regret something.

   Eum errōris suī multum paenituit.

   He regretted his mistake very much.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of paeniteō (second conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle, impersonal in the passive)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	paeniteō		paenitēs		paenitet		paenitēmus		paenitētis		paenitent
	imperfect	paenitēbam		paenitēbās		paenitēbat		paenitēbāmus		paenitēbātis		paenitēbant
	future	paenitēbō		paenitēbis		paenitēbit		paenitēbimus		paenitēbitis		paenitēbunt
	perfect	paenituī		paenituistī		paenituit		paenituimus		paenituistis		paenituēre, paenituērunt
	pluperfect	paenitueram		paenituerās		paenituerat		paenituerāmus		paenituerātis		paenituerant
	future perfect	paenituerō		paenitueris		paenituerit		paenituerimus		paenitueritis		paenituerint
passive	present	—		—		paenitētur		—		—		—
	imperfect	—		—		paenitēbātur		—		—		—
	future	—		—		paenitēbitur		—		—		—
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	paeniteam		paeniteās		paeniteat		paeniteāmus		paeniteātis		paeniteant
	imperfect	paenitērem		paenitērēs		paenitēret		paenitērēmus		paenitērētis		paenitērent
	perfect	paenituerim		paenituerīs		paenituerit		paenituerīmus		paenituerītis		paenituerint
	pluperfect	paenituissem		paenituissēs		paenituisset		paenituissēmus		paenituissētis		paenituissent
passive	present	—		—		paeniteātur		—		—		—
	imperfect	—		—		paenitērētur		—		—		—
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		paenitē		—		—		paenitēte		—
	future	—		paenitētō		paenitētō		—		paenitētōte		paenitentō
passive	future	—		—		paenitētor		—		—		—
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		paenitēre			paenitērī			paenitēns			—
future		paenitūrum esse			—			paenitūrus			paenitendum
perfect		paenituisse			—			—			—
perfect potential		paenitūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		paenitendī		paenitendō		paenitendum		paenitendō		—		—

Derived terms

• repoenitēre

Descendants

(See also paenitīre.)

• ⇒ Romanian: pănăta
• → Proto-Albanian: [Term?]
  • ⇒ Albanian: pendohem

See also

• misereō
• pigeō
• pudeō
• taedeō
• poena

Further reading

• Julius Pokorny (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, in 3 vols, Bern, München: Francke Verlag.
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “pœnĭtēre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 9: Placabilis–Pyxis, page 120
• “paeniteo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “paeniteo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• paeniteo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I am discontented with my lot: fortunae meae me paenitet
    
  • I am not dissatisfied with my progress: non me paenitet, quantum profecerim