nywa

Rwanda-Rundi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-ɲóa.

Verb

-nywá (infinitive kunywá, perfective -nyôye)

1. to drink
2. to smoke

Derived terms

• -nyobwa (passive)

Swahili

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-ɲóa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɲwɑ/

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-nywa (infinitive kunywa)

1. to drink

Conjugation

Conjugation of -nywa
Positive present -nakunywa Subjunctive -nywe Negative -nywi Imperative singular kunywa
Infinitives
Positive kunywa Negative kutokunywa
Imperatives
Singular kunywa Plural kunyweni
Tensed forms
Habitual hunywa Positive past positive subject concord + -likunywa Negative past negative subject concord + -kunywa
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakunywa) Singular Plural 1st person ninakunywa/nakunywa tunakunywa 2nd person unakunywa mnakunywa 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakunywa wanakunywa other classes positive subject concord + -nakunywa
Negative present (negative subject concord + -nywi) Singular Plural 1st person sinywi hatunywi 2nd person hunywi hamnywi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hanywi hawanywi other classes negative subject concord + -nywi
Positive future positive subject concord + -takunywa Negative future negative subject concord + -takunywa
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -nywe) Singular Plural 1st person ninywe tunywe 2nd person unywe mnywe 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anywe wanywe other classes positive subject concord + -nywe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sinywe Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekunywa Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekunywa Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikunywa Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikunywa
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -anywa) Singular Plural 1st person nanywa twanywa 2nd person wanywa mwanywa 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anywa wanywa m-mi(III/IV) wanywa yanywa ji-ma(V/VI) lanywa yanywa ki-vi(VII/VIII) chanywa vyanywa n(IX/X) yanywa zanywa u(XI) wanywa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwanywa pa(XVI) panywa mu(XVIII) mwanywa
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekunywa "Already" positive subject concord + -meshakunywa "Not yet" negative subject concord + -janywa "If/When" positive subject concord + -kinywa "If not" positive subject concord + -sipokunywa Consecutive kanywa / positive subject concord + -kanywa Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kanywe
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -ninywa -tunywa 2nd person -kunywa -wanywa/-kunyweni/-wanyweni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mnywa -wanywa m-mi(III/IV) -unywa -inywa ji-ma(V/VI) -linywa -yanywa ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kinywa -vinywa n(IX/X) -inywa -zinywa u(XI) -unywa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kunywa pa(XVI) -panywa mu(XVIII) -munywa Reflexive -jinywa
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -nywa- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -nywaye -nywao m-mi(III/IV) -nywao -nywayo ji-ma(V/VI) -nywalo -nywayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -nywacho -nywavyo n(IX/X) -nywayo -nywazo u(XI) -nywao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -nywako pa(XVI) -nywapo mu(XVIII) -nywamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kunywa) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yekunywa -okunywa m-mi(III/IV) -okunywa -yokunywa ji-ma(V/VI) -lokunywa -yokunywa ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokunywa -vyokunywa n(IX/X) -yokunywa -zokunywa u(XI) -okunywa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kokunywa pa(XVI) -pokunywa mu(XVIII) -mokunywa
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -nywea
  • Causative: -nywesha
  • Passive: -nywewa
  • Stative: -nyweka

• Nominal derivations:
  • kinywaji (“drink, beverage”)
  • mnywaji (“drinker”)