ng'ong'ona

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-ng'ong'ona (infinitive kung'ong'ona)

1. to gnaw on

Conjugation

Conjugation of -ng'ong'ona
Positive present -nang'ong'ona Subjunctive -ng'ong'one Negative -ng'ong'oni Imperative singular ng'ong'ona
Infinitives
Positive kung'ong'ona Negative kutong'ong'ona
Imperatives
Singular ng'ong'ona Plural ng'ong'oneni
Tensed forms
Habitual hung'ong'ona Positive past positive subject concord + -ling'ong'ona Negative past negative subject concord + -kung'ong'ona
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nang'ong'ona) Singular Plural 1st person ninang'ong'ona/nang'ong'ona tunang'ong'ona 2nd person unang'ong'ona mnang'ong'ona 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anang'ong'ona wanang'ong'ona other classes positive subject concord + -nang'ong'ona
Negative present (negative subject concord + -ng'ong'oni) Singular Plural 1st person sing'ong'oni hatung'ong'oni 2nd person hung'ong'oni hamng'ong'oni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hang'ong'oni hawang'ong'oni other classes negative subject concord + -ng'ong'oni
Positive future positive subject concord + -tang'ong'ona Negative future negative subject concord + -tang'ong'ona
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ng'ong'one) Singular Plural 1st person ning'ong'one tung'ong'one 2nd person ung'ong'one mng'ong'one 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ang'ong'one wang'ong'one other classes positive subject concord + -ng'ong'one
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sing'ong'one Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeng'ong'ona Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeng'ong'ona Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaling'ong'ona Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaling'ong'ona
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ang'ong'ona) Singular Plural 1st person nang'ong'ona twang'ong'ona 2nd person wang'ong'ona mwang'ong'ona 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ang'ong'ona wang'ong'ona m-mi(III/IV) wang'ong'ona yang'ong'ona ji-ma(V/VI) lang'ong'ona yang'ong'ona ki-vi(VII/VIII) chang'ong'ona vyang'ong'ona n(IX/X) yang'ong'ona zang'ong'ona u(XI) wang'ong'ona see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwang'ong'ona pa(XVI) pang'ong'ona mu(XVIII) mwang'ong'ona
Perfect positive subject concord + -meng'ong'ona "Already" positive subject concord + -meshang'ong'ona "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jang'ong'ona "If/When" positive subject concord + -king'ong'ona "If not" positive subject concord + -sipong'ong'ona Consecutive kang'ong'ona / positive subject concord + -kang'ong'ona Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kang'ong'one
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -ning'ong'ona -tung'ong'ona 2nd person -kung'ong'ona -wang'ong'ona/-kung'ong'oneni/-wang'ong'oneni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mng'ong'ona -wang'ong'ona m-mi(III/IV) -ung'ong'ona -ing'ong'ona ji-ma(V/VI) -ling'ong'ona -yang'ong'ona ki-vi(VII/VIII) -king'ong'ona -ving'ong'ona n(IX/X) -ing'ong'ona -zing'ong'ona u(XI) -ung'ong'ona see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kung'ong'ona pa(XVI) -pang'ong'ona mu(XVIII) -mung'ong'ona Reflexive -jing'ong'ona
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ng'ong'ona- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -ng'ong'onaye -ng'ong'onao m-mi(III/IV) -ng'ong'onao -ng'ong'onayo ji-ma(V/VI) -ng'ong'onalo -ng'ong'onayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -ng'ong'onacho -ng'ong'onavyo n(IX/X) -ng'ong'onayo -ng'ong'onazo u(XI) -ng'ong'onao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -ng'ong'onako pa(XVI) -ng'ong'onapo mu(XVIII) -ng'ong'onamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ng'ong'ona) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yeng'ong'ona -ong'ong'ona m-mi(III/IV) -ong'ong'ona -yong'ong'ona ji-ma(V/VI) -long'ong'ona -yong'ong'ona ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chong'ong'ona -vyong'ong'ona n(IX/X) -yong'ong'ona -zong'ong'ona u(XI) -ong'ong'ona see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kong'ong'ona pa(XVI) -pong'ong'ona mu(XVIII) -mong'ong'ona
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.