neigen
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Dutch neigen, from Old Dutch neigen, from Proto-West Germanic *hnaigijan, from Proto-Germanic *hnaigijaną, the causative of nijgen.
The weak verb adopted most intransitive uses from strong nijgen in modern Dutch, the latter being restricted to “bowing as a sign of respect”. Compare however genegen (“inclined to”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]neigen
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of neigen (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | neigen | |||
past singular | neigde | |||
past participle | geneigd | |||
infinitive | neigen | |||
gerund | neigen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | neig | neigde | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | neigt, neig2 | neigde | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | neigt | neigde | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | neigt | neigde | ||
3rd person singular | neigt | neigde | ||
plural | neigen | neigden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | neige | neigde | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | neigen | neigden | ||
imperative sing. | neig | |||
imperative plur.1 | neigt | |||
participles | neigend | geneigd | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
[edit]German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From a merger of Middle High German nīgen (intransitive, strong) and neigen (transitive, weak), from Old High German nīgan and neigen, from Proto-Germanic *hnīganą and its causative *hnaigijaną.
Cognate with Dutch nijgen and neigen, Old English hnīgan and Old English hnǣgan, Old Norse hnīga and hneiga. Strong forms have been absent from the standard language since the 16th century, but survive in some dialects.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]neigen (weak, third-person singular present neigt, past tense neigte, past participle geneigt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to incline, slant, tilt, bend, lower (move something in some direction by bowing or turning slightly)
- Die Sträucher neigen ihre Zweige.
- The shrubs are lowering their twigs.
- (reflexive or intransitive) to incline, slant, lean, bow (intransitive use always requires an adverb of place)
- Die Wand neigt sich.
- The wall is slanting.
- Die Wand neigt (sich) zur Seite. (Here reflexive use may imply the inclination is increasing.)
- The wall is slanting to the side.
- (intransitive) to be inclined, to tend towards, to have a preference for [with zu ‘something’]
- Ich neige zu dieser Lösung.
- I am inclined to this solution.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | neigen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | neigend | ||||
past participle | geneigt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich neige | wir neigen | i | ich neige | wir neigen |
du neigst | ihr neigt | du neigest | ihr neiget | ||
er neigt | sie neigen | er neige | sie neigen | ||
preterite | ich neigte | wir neigten | ii | ich neigte1 | wir neigten1 |
du neigtest | ihr neigtet | du neigtest1 | ihr neigtet1 | ||
er neigte | sie neigten | er neigte1 | sie neigten1 | ||
imperative | neig (du) neige (du) |
neigt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “neigen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “neigen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “neigen” in Duden online
- “neigen” in OpenThesaurus.de
Middle Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Verb
[edit]neigen
Inflection
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Alternative forms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “neighen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “neigen (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle High German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old High German neigen, from Proto-West Germanic *hnaigijan.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]neigen (class 2 weak, third-person singular present neiget, past tense neigete, past participle geneiget, auxiliary hān)
- (transitive) to bow, to bend
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | neigen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
genitive gerund | neigennes neigenes | ||||
dative gerund | neigenne neigene | ||||
present participle | neigende | ||||
past participle | geneiget | ||||
auxiliary | hān | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich neige | wir neigen | i | ich neige | wir neigen |
du neigest | ir neiget | du neigest | ir neiget | ||
ër neiget | sie neigent | ër neige | sie neigen | ||
preterite | ich neigete | wir neigeten | ii | ich neigete | wir neigeten |
du neigetest | ir neigetet | du neigetest | ir neigetet | ||
ër neigete | sie neigeten | ër neigete | sie neigeten | ||
imperative | neige (du) | neiget (ir) |
Descendants
[edit]- German: neigen
Old Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *hnaigijan.
Verb
[edit]neigen
Inflection
[edit]infinitive | neigen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | neigo, neigon | neigida |
2nd person singular | neigis, neigist | neigidos |
3rd person singular | neigit | neigida |
1st person plural | neigen | neigidun |
2nd person plural | neigit | neigidut |
3rd person plural | neigent | neigidun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | neige | neigidi |
2nd person singular | neiges, neigest | neigidis |
3rd person singular | neige | neigidi |
1st person plural | neigen | neigidin |
2nd person plural | neiget | neigidit |
3rd person plural | neigen | neigidin |
imperative | present | |
singular | neigi | |
plural | neigit | |
participle | present | past |
neigendi | neigit, gineigit |
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “nēgen”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old High German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *hnaigijan, from Proto-Germanic *hnaigijaną.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]neigen
- (transitive) to bow, to bend
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | neigen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | neigu | neigta |
2nd person singular | neigis, neigist | neigtōs, neigtōst |
3rd person singular | neigit | neigta |
1st person plural | neigem, neigemēs | neigtum, neigtumēs |
2nd person plural | neiget | neigtut |
3rd person plural | neigent | neigtun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | neige | neigti |
2nd person singular | neigēs, neigēst | neigtīs, neigtīst |
3rd person singular | neige | neigti |
1st person plural | neigēm, neigēn, neigemēs | neigtīm, neigtīn, neigtīmēs |
2nd person plural | neigēt | neigtīt |
3rd person plural | neigēn | neigtīn |
imperative | present | |
singular | neigi | |
plural | neiget | |
participle | present | past |
neigenti | gineigt |
Descendants
[edit]- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛi̯ɣən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛi̯ɣən/2 syllables
- Dutch terms with homophones
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch weak verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- Dutch causative verbs
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
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- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German 2-syllable words
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- German lemmas
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- German terms with usage examples
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- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Middle Dutch weak verbs
- Middle High German terms inherited from Old High German
- Middle High German terms derived from Old High German
- Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle High German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle High German lemmas
- Middle High German verbs
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- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Dutch lemmas
- Old Dutch verbs
- Old Dutch basic verbs
- Old Dutch class 1 weak verbs
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms with IPA pronunciation
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