Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hnīganą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxniː.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hnīganą^[1]^[2]

(Northwest Germanic) Alternative form of *hnīwaną

Inflection

Conjugation of *hnīganą (strong class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*hnīgō	*hnīgaų	—	*hnīgai	?
2nd singular	*hnīgizi	*hnīgaiz	*hnīg	*hnīgazai	*hnīgaizau
3rd singular	*hnīgidi	*hnīgai	*hnīgadau	*hnīgadai	*hnīgaidau
1st dual	*hnīgōz	*hnīgaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hnīgadiz	*hnīgaidiz	*hnīgadiz	—	—
1st plural	*hnīgamaz	*hnīgaim	—	*hnīgandai	*hnīgaindau
2nd plural	*hnīgid	*hnīgaid	*hnīgid	*hnīgandai	*hnīgaindau
3rd plural	*hnīgandi	*hnīgain	*hnīgandau	*hnīgandai	*hnīgaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hnaig	*hnigį̄
2nd singular	*hnaiht	*hnigīz
3rd singular	*hnaig	*hnigī
1st dual	*hnigū	*hnigīw
2nd dual	*hnigudiz	*hnigīdiz
1st plural	*hnigum	*hnigīm
2nd plural	*hnigud	*hnigīd
3rd plural	*hnigun	*hnigīn

	present	past
participles	*hnīgandz	*hniganaz

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*hnīwan-~*hnīgan”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 236-237
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xnīʒwanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 180

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*hnīwan-~*hnīgan”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 236-237

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xnīʒwanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 180

[1]

[2]