naháaztą́

Navajo

Etymology

na- (atelic, circuital) + -hí (thematic?) + -si- (modal) + -∅- (classifier) + -tą́ (neuter perfective stem of root -TĄ́, “to sit — 3+ actors”).

-TĄ́ functions as a suppletive stem for the neuter perfective aspect of root -BIN, “to sit — 3+ actors”.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

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Verb

naháaztą́

1. they (3+ actors) are sitting, are at home, are waiting

Usage notes

This verb is used for sitting in groups of three or more. For individual sitting, see sidá. For sitting in pairs, see siké.

Singular forms of this verb refer to one subject sitting in a group with other participants.

• Áłchíní bił nahísístą́. — I’m staying with the children.

Distributive plural forms refer to several people sitting in several groups independent one from another.

This is a neuter verb. As such, it is conjugated in the perfective only.

Conjugation

Paradigm: Neuter perfective (si)

PERFECTIVE	singular	duoplural	plural
1st person	nahísístą́	naháatą́ / nahísíitą́
2nd person	nahísínítą́	nahóotą́ / nahísóotą́
3rd person	naháaztą́
4th person	njíiztą́ / ndzíiztą́

See also

• sidá (1), siké (2), naháaztą́ (3+) (to be sitting)

Navajo Classificatory Themes						Plural objects lie around (Handle stem)
Class	Examples	Handle	Propel	Moves
SRO	generic	∅-ʼĄ́	∅-NEʼ	l-TSʼID		naazʼą́
SFO	rope; pairs; unknown; conglomerate	∅-LÁ	ł / ∅ -DÉÉL			naazlá
FFO	sheet, paper	ł-TSOOZ	∅-ʼAH	∅-NAʼ		naastsooz
SSO	stick, pole	∅-TĄ́	ł-TʼEʼ	∅-KĘ́Ę́Z		naaztą́
AnO	animate, doll	ł-TĮ́		∅-GOʼ	∅-TŁIZH	naaztį́
NCM	wig, hay; fog	ł / ł / ∅ -JOOL				naazhjool
MM	butter; frog	∅-TŁÉÉʼ		ł-YĘ́Ę́ZH		naaztłééʼ
LPB	load, burden	∅-YĮ́				naazyį́
PlO1	severality	∅-NIL		ni-∅	-DEEʼ	naaznil
PlO2	profusion	∅-JAAʼ	ł-KAAD	∅-KAAD		naazhjaaʼ
OC	severality/profusion in a container	∅-KĄ́			ł-DÁÁZ	naazką́
Flat	toppled wall, blanket, bushes	—	—	—		naazkaad
Bulk	boulder	ł-ZHÓÓD	—	l-ZHÓÓD		naazhóód
Stream	liquid, sand, dust	∅-ZIID	—	—		naaziid

Navajo Positional Themes							Plural objects in position (Intrans. Neuter)
Position	Number of participants	Intransitive		Transitive		Root
		Active	Neuter	Active	Neuter
LIE	1	ni-∅-	∅-	ni-ł-	ł-	-TĮ́	naaztį́
	2					-TÉÉZH	naazhtéézh
	3+					-JÉÉʼ	naazhjééʼ
SIT	1	ni-∅-	∅-	ni-ł-	ł-	-DÁ	naazdá
	2					-KÉ	naazké
	3+	dini-∅	hí-(-TĄ́)	dini-ł	—	-BIN	naháaztą́
STAND	1	ni-∅-	∅-	ni-ł-	ł-	-ZĮʼ	naazį́