naaznil

Navajo

Etymology

na- (atelic, circuital) + -z- (si-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -nil (neuter perfective stem of root -NIL, “to handle several objects”).

Verb

naaznil

1. they lie around somewhere, are located somewhere (groups of several, separable and visually countable objects)

Usage notes

This verb is limited to expression in the third person and refers to multiple groups of separable items. Also occurs with distributive da- as ndaaznil, referring to a greater plurality of groups.

For a single group, use the verb sinil.

This is a neuter verb that uses only the perfective stem.

Conjugation

Paradigm: Neuter perfective (si), third person only.

PERFECTIVE	singular	plural	dist. plural
3rd person	(sinil)	naaznil	ndaaznil

Derived terms

• naaznilgo

See also

Navajo Classificatory Themes						Plural objects lie around (Handle stem)
Class	Examples	Handle	Propel	Moves
SRO	generic	∅-ʼĄ́	∅-NEʼ	l-TSʼID		naazʼą́
SFO	rope; pairs; unknown; conglomerate	∅-LÁ	ł / ∅ -DÉÉL			naazlá
FFO	sheet, paper	ł-TSOOZ	∅-ʼAH	∅-NAʼ		naastsooz
SSO	stick, pole	∅-TĄ́	ł-TʼEʼ	∅-KĘ́Ę́Z		naaztą́
AnO	animate, doll	ł-TĮ́		∅-GOʼ	∅-TŁIZH	naaztį́
NCM	wig, hay; fog	ł / ł / ∅ -JOOL				naazhjool
MM	butter; frog	∅-TŁÉÉʼ		ł-YĘ́Ę́ZH		naaztłééʼ
LPB	load, burden	∅-YĮ́				naazyį́
PlO1	severality	∅-NIL		ni-∅	-DEEʼ	naaznil
PlO2	profusion	∅-JAAʼ	ł-KAAD	∅-KAAD		naazhjaaʼ
OC	severality/profusion in a container	∅-KĄ́			ł-DÁÁZ	naazką́
Flat	toppled wall, blanket, bushes	—	—	—		naazkaad
Bulk	boulder	ł-ZHÓÓD	—	l-ZHÓÓD		naazhóód
Stream	liquid, sand, dust	∅-ZIID	—	—		naaziid

Navajo Positional Themes							Plural objects in position (Intrans. Neuter)
Position	Number of participants	Intransitive		Transitive		Root
		Active	Neuter	Active	Neuter
LIE	1	ni-∅-	∅-	ni-ł-	ł-	-TĮ́	naaztį́
	2					-TÉÉZH	naazhtéézh
	3+					-JÉÉʼ	naazhjééʼ
SIT	1	ni-∅-	∅-	ni-ł-	ł-	-DÁ	naazdá
	2					-KÉ	naazké
	3+	dini-∅	hí-(-TĄ́)	dini-ł	—	-BIN	naháaztą́
STAND	1	ni-∅-	∅-	ni-ł-	ł-	-ZĮʼ	naazį́