lazimisha

Swahili

Etymology

From -lazima (“must”) +‎ -isha (causative affix).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-lazimisha (infinitive kulazimisha)

1. Causative form of lazima: to force, compel, oblige, require

Conjugation

Conjugation of -lazimisha
Positive present -nalazimisha Subjunctive -lazimishe Negative -lazimishi Imperative singular lazimisha
Infinitives
Positive kulazimisha Negative kutolazimisha
Imperatives
Singular lazimisha Plural lazimisheni
Tensed forms
Habitual hulazimisha Positive past positive subject concord + -lilazimisha Negative past negative subject concord + -kulazimisha
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nalazimisha) Singular Plural 1st person ninalazimisha/nalazimisha tunalazimisha 2nd person unalazimisha mnalazimisha 3rd person m-wa(I/II) analazimisha wanalazimisha other classes positive subject concord + -nalazimisha
Negative present (negative subject concord + -lazimishi) Singular Plural 1st person silazimishi hatulazimishi 2nd person hulazimishi hamlazimishi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) halazimishi hawalazimishi other classes negative subject concord + -lazimishi
Positive future positive subject concord + -talazimisha Negative future negative subject concord + -talazimisha
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -lazimishe) Singular Plural 1st person nilazimishe tulazimishe 2nd person ulazimishe mlazimishe 3rd person m-wa(I/II) alazimishe walazimishe other classes positive subject concord + -lazimishe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -silazimishe Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngelazimisha Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singelazimisha Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalilazimisha Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalilazimisha
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -alazimisha) Singular Plural 1st person nalazimisha twalazimisha 2nd person walazimisha mwalazimisha 3rd person m-wa(I/II) alazimisha walazimisha m-mi(III/IV) walazimisha yalazimisha ji-ma(V/VI) lalazimisha yalazimisha ki-vi(VII/VIII) chalazimisha vyalazimisha n(IX/X) yalazimisha zalazimisha u(XI) walazimisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwalazimisha pa(XVI) palazimisha mu(XVIII) mwalazimisha
Perfect positive subject concord + -melazimisha "Already" positive subject concord + -meshalazimisha "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jalazimisha "If/When" positive subject concord + -kilazimisha "If not" positive subject concord + -sipolazimisha Consecutive kalazimisha / positive subject concord + -kalazimisha Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kalazimishe
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nilazimisha -tulazimisha 2nd person -kulazimisha -walazimisha/-kulazimisheni/-walazimisheni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mlazimisha -walazimisha m-mi(III/IV) -ulazimisha -ilazimisha ji-ma(V/VI) -lilazimisha -yalazimisha ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kilazimisha -vilazimisha n(IX/X) -ilazimisha -zilazimisha u(XI) -ulazimisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kulazimisha pa(XVI) -palazimisha mu(XVIII) -mulazimisha Reflexive -jilazimisha
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -lazimisha- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -lazimishaye -lazimishao m-mi(III/IV) -lazimishao -lazimishayo ji-ma(V/VI) -lazimishalo -lazimishayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -lazimishacho -lazimishavyo n(IX/X) -lazimishayo -lazimishazo u(XI) -lazimishao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -lazimishako pa(XVI) -lazimishapo mu(XVIII) -lazimishamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -lazimisha) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yelazimisha -olazimisha m-mi(III/IV) -olazimisha -yolazimisha ji-ma(V/VI) -lolazimisha -yolazimisha ki-vi(VII/VIII) -cholazimisha -vyolazimisha n(IX/X) -yolazimisha -zolazimisha u(XI) -olazimisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kolazimisha pa(XVI) -polazimisha mu(XVIII) -molazimisha
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.