labrar

Galician

labrando ("farming")

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese lavrar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin labōrāre. Doublet of laborar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [laˈβɾaɾ]

Verb

labrar (first-person singular present labro, first-person singular preterite labrei, past participle labrado)

1. to farm: to plough; to hoe; to plant

   Synonyms: arar, cultivar, traballar

2. to carve

   Synonym: tallar

3. to craft

   Synonym: traballar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of labrar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	labrar
Personal	labrar	labrares	labrar	labrarmos	labrardes	labraren
Gerund
	labrando
Past participle
Masculine	labrado			labrados
Feminine	labrada			labradas
Indicative
Present	labro	labras	labra	labramos	labrades	labran
Imperfect	labraba	labrabas	labraba	labrabamos	labrabades	labraban
Preterite	labrei	labraches	labrou	labramos	labrastes	labraron
Pluperfect	labrara	labraras	labrara	labraramos	labrarades	labraran
Future	labrarei	labrarás	labrará	labraremos	labraredes	labrarán
Conditional	labraría	labrarías	labraría	labrariamos	labrariades	labrarían
Subjunctive
Present	labre	labres	labre	labremos	labredes	labren
Imperfect	labrase	labrases	labrase	labrásemos	labrásedes	labrasen
Future	labrar	labrares	labrar	labrarmos	labrardes	labraren
Imperative
Affirmative		labra	labre	labremos	labrade	labren
Negative (non)		non labres	non labre	non labremos	non labredes	non labren

Derived terms

• labra

Related terms

• labrador
• labrego

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “lavrar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “lavr”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “labrar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “labrar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “labrar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈl͈aβrər/, [ˈl͈aβrar]

Verb

labrar

1. first-person singular present subjunctive absolute of labraithir

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
labrar also llabrar after a proclitic ending in a vowel	labrar pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin labōrāre (“to work”). Compare the borrowed doublet laborar ‘to work, to labor’.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laˈbɾaɾ/ [laˈβ̞ɾaɾ]

• Audio (Venezuela):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: la‧brar

Verb

labrar (first-person singular present labro, first-person singular preterite labré, past participle labrado)

1. to work

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:trabajar

2. to carve, to craft

   Synonym: tallar

3. to plough

   Synonym: arar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of labrar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			labrar
gerund			labrando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		labrado		labrada
		plural		labrados		labradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	labro	labrastú labrásvos	labra	labramos	labráis	labran
	imperfect	labraba	labrabas	labraba	labrábamos	labrabais	labraban
	preterite	labré	labraste	labró	labramos	labrasteis	labraron
	future	labraré	labrarás	labrará	labraremos	labraréis	labrarán
	conditional	labraría	labrarías	labraría	labraríamos	labraríais	labrarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	labre	labrestú labrésvos2	labre	labremos	labréis	labren
	imperfect (ra)	labrara	labraras	labrara	labráramos	labrarais	labraran
	imperfect (se)	labrase	labrases	labrase	labrásemos	labraseis	labrasen
	future1	labrare	labrares	labrare	labráremos	labrareis	labraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		labratú labrávos	labre	labremos	labrad	labren
	negative		no labres	no labre	no labremos	no labréis	no labren

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of labrar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive labrar
	dative	labrarme	labrarte	labrarle, labrarse	labrarnos	labraros	labrarles, labrarse
	accusative	labrarme	labrarte	labrarlo, labrarla, labrarse	labrarnos	labraros	labrarlos, labrarlas, labrarse
with gerund labrando
	dative	labrándome	labrándote	labrándole, labrándose	labrándonos	labrándoos	labrándoles, labrándose
	accusative	labrándome	labrándote	labrándolo, labrándola, labrándose	labrándonos	labrándoos	labrándolos, labrándolas, labrándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative labra
	dative	lábrame	lábrate	lábrale	lábranos	not used	lábrales
	accusative	lábrame	lábrate	lábralo, lábrala	lábranos	not used	lábralos, lábralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative labrá
	dative	labrame	labrate	labrale	labranos	not used	labrales
	accusative	labrame	labrate	labralo, labrala	labranos	not used	labralos, labralas
with formal second-person singular imperative labre
	dative	lábreme	not used	lábrele, lábrese	lábrenos	not used	lábreles
	accusative	lábreme	not used	lábrelo, lábrela, lábrese	lábrenos	not used	lábrelos, lábrelas
with first-person plural imperative labremos
	dative	not used	labrémoste	labrémosle	labrémonos	labrémoos	labrémosles
	accusative	not used	labrémoste	labrémoslo, labrémosla	labrémonos	labrémoos	labrémoslos, labrémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative labrad
	dative	labradme	not used	labradle	labradnos	labraos	labradles
	accusative	labradme	not used	labradlo, labradla	labradnos	labraos	labradlos, labradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative labren
	dative	lábrenme	not used	lábrenle	lábrennos	not used	lábrenles, lábrense
	accusative	lábrenme	not used	lábrenlo, lábrenla	lábrennos	not used	lábrenlos, lábrenlas, lábrense

Related terms

• labrador

 

Further reading

• “labrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28