kingama

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-kingama (infinitive kukingama)

1. to obstruct

Conjugation

Conjugation of -kingama
Positive present -nakingama Subjunctive -kingame Negative -kingami Imperative singular kingama
Infinitives
Positive kukingama Negative kutokingama
Imperatives
Singular kingama Plural kingameni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukingama Positive past positive subject concord + -likingama Negative past negative subject concord + -kukingama
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakingama) Singular Plural 1st person ninakingama/nakingama tunakingama 2nd person unakingama mnakingama 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakingama wanakingama other classes positive subject concord + -nakingama
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kingami) Singular Plural 1st person sikingami hatukingami 2nd person hukingami hamkingami 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakingami hawakingami other classes negative subject concord + -kingami
Positive future positive subject concord + -takingama Negative future negative subject concord + -takingama
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kingame) Singular Plural 1st person nikingame tukingame 2nd person ukingame mkingame 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akingame wakingame other classes positive subject concord + -kingame
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikingame Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekingama Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekingama Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikingama Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikingama
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akingama) Singular Plural 1st person nakingama twakingama 2nd person wakingama mwakingama 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akingama wakingama m-mi(III/IV) wakingama yakingama ji-ma(V/VI) lakingama yakingama ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakingama vyakingama n(IX/X) yakingama zakingama u(XI) wakingama see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwakingama pa(XVI) pakingama mu(XVIII) mwakingama
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekingama "Already" positive subject concord + -meshakingama "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakingama "If/When" positive subject concord + -kikingama "If not" positive subject concord + -sipokingama Consecutive kakingama / positive subject concord + -kakingama Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakingame
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nikingama -tukingama 2nd person -kukingama -wakingama/-kukingameni/-wakingameni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkingama -wakingama m-mi(III/IV) -ukingama -ikingama ji-ma(V/VI) -likingama -yakingama ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikingama -vikingama n(IX/X) -ikingama -zikingama u(XI) -ukingama see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kukingama pa(XVI) -pakingama mu(XVIII) -mukingama Reflexive -jikingama
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kingama- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -kingamaye -kingamao m-mi(III/IV) -kingamao -kingamayo ji-ma(V/VI) -kingamalo -kingamayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kingamacho -kingamavyo n(IX/X) -kingamayo -kingamazo u(XI) -kingamao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kingamako pa(XVI) -kingamapo mu(XVIII) -kingamamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kingama) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yekingama -okingama m-mi(III/IV) -okingama -yokingama ji-ma(V/VI) -lokingama -yokingama ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokingama -vyokingama n(IX/X) -yokingama -zokingama u(XI) -okingama see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kokingama pa(XVI) -pokingama mu(XVIII) -mokingama
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.