kashifu

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic كَشَّفَ (kaššafa). See kashfa for the semantic shift.

Verb

-kashifu (infinitive kukashifu)

1. to defame, slander

Conjugation

Conjugation of -kashifu
Positive present -nakashifu Subjunctive -kashifu Negative -kashifu Imperative singular kashifu
Infinitives
Positive kukashifu Negative kutokashifu
Imperatives
Singular kashifu Plural kashifuni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukashifu Positive past positive subject concord + -likashifu Negative past negative subject concord + -kukashifu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakashifu) Singular Plural 1st person ninakashifu/nakashifu tunakashifu 2nd person unakashifu mnakashifu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakashifu wanakashifu other classes positive subject concord + -nakashifu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kashifu) Singular Plural 1st person sikashifu hatukashifu 2nd person hukashifu hamkashifu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakashifu hawakashifu other classes negative subject concord + -kashifu
Positive future positive subject concord + -takashifu Negative future negative subject concord + -takashifu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kashifu) Singular Plural 1st person nikashifu tukashifu 2nd person ukashifu mkashifu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akashifu wakashifu other classes positive subject concord + -kashifu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikashifu Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekashifu Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekashifu Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikashifu Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikashifu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akashifu) Singular Plural 1st person nakashifu twakashifu 2nd person wakashifu mwakashifu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akashifu wakashifu m-mi(III/IV) wakashifu yakashifu ji-ma(V/VI) lakashifu yakashifu ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakashifu vyakashifu n(IX/X) yakashifu zakashifu u(XI) wakashifu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwakashifu pa(XVI) pakashifu mu(XVIII) mwakashifu
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekashifu "Already" positive subject concord + -meshakashifu "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakashifu "If/When" positive subject concord + -kikashifu "If not" positive subject concord + -sipokashifu Consecutive kakashifu / positive subject concord + -kakashifu Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakashifu
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nikashifu -tukashifu 2nd person -kukashifu -wakashifu/-kukashifuni/-wakashifuni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkashifu -wakashifu m-mi(III/IV) -ukashifu -ikashifu ji-ma(V/VI) -likashifu -yakashifu ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikashifu -vikashifu n(IX/X) -ikashifu -zikashifu u(XI) -ukashifu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kukashifu pa(XVI) -pakashifu mu(XVIII) -mukashifu Reflexive -jikashifu
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kashifu- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -kashifuye -kashifuo m-mi(III/IV) -kashifuo -kashifuyo ji-ma(V/VI) -kashifulo -kashifuyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kashifucho -kashifuvyo n(IX/X) -kashifuyo -kashifuzo u(XI) -kashifuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kashifuko pa(XVI) -kashifupo mu(XVIII) -kashifumo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kashifu) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yekashifu -okashifu m-mi(III/IV) -okashifu -yokashifu ji-ma(V/VI) -lokashifu -yokashifu ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokashifu -vyokashifu n(IX/X) -yokashifu -zokashifu u(XI) -okashifu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kokashifu pa(XVI) -pokashifu mu(XVIII) -mokashifu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -kashifia
  • Causative: -kashifisha
  • Passive: -kashifiwa
  • Reciprocal: -kashifiana
  • Stative: -kashifika

Related terms

• kashfa (“scandal; slander, libel, insult”)