já
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Czech jáz, from Proto-Slavic *azъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]já (first person)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]já n (indeclinable)
- (psychoanalysis) ego
- Synonym: ego
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “já”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “já”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “já”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse já (“yes”), Proto-Germanic *ja (“yes”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]já
Synonyms
[edit]Interjection
[edit]já
Synonyms
[edit]Inari Sami
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *jahw.
Conjunction
[edit]já
Further reading
[edit]- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[1], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Indo-Portuguese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Portuguese já (“already; now”), from Old Galician-Portuguese ja, from Latin iam (“already”).
Particle
[edit]já
- used in conjunction with the past tense
- 1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3:
- Já fallou par su pai aquêl mais piquin, […]
- The youngest one told his father, […]
Khiamniungan Naga
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]já
- (Patsho) connect, attach, link
- Kheunyoh nüko meikü ja-i kü noi naih, alumtshouko asheu nü epje.
- Through proper connection with people brings positive results.
Macanese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Indo-Portuguese já, from Portuguese já (“already; now”), from Old Galician-Portuguese ja, from Latin iam (“already”). Semantically, compare Chavacano ya.
Pronunciation
[edit]Particle
[edit]já
- past tense marker; marks that an event has reached completion
- Iou já falâ ― I spoke
- Vôs já uví? ― Have you heard?
- Atútu já vêm di América ― Artur returned from America
- Já têm-ia! ― I've got it!
Usage notes
[edit]- Placing já before a verb in the past tense is optional.
- Past tense (or any other tense) may not necessarily be marked using já; verb tense is present by default but may have to be inferred through context, a feature possibly influenced by Cantonese grammar.
Conjunction
[edit]já … já
References
[edit]Northern Sami
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]já
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Further reading
[edit]- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *ja (“yes”).
Adverb
[edit]já
Interjection
[edit]já
Descendants
[edit]Portuguese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese ja, from Latin iam (“already”).
Pronunciation
[edit]
- Rhymes: -a
- Hyphenation: já
Adverb
[edit]já (not comparable)
- (usually preceding verbs in the past tense) already (indicating that something has happened before)
- Já li esse livro.
- I have already read this book.
- (usually following verbs in the present tense) now (at this instant)
- Synonym: agora
- Consigo fazer isso já.
- I can do this right now.
- Compre já!
- Buy now!
- (in negative sentences, preceding the adverb não) any more; any longer
- Synonym: mais
- Eu já não leio mais muitos livros.
- I don’t read many books any more.
- (usually preceding verbs in the present tense) in a minute; soon
- (preceding noun phrases) on the other hand, however
- Synonyms: por outro lado, no entanto
- Gosto de ler, já a minha mãe não lê nem as notícias.
- I enjoy reading, my mother, on the other hand, doesn’t even read the news.
- (preceding a verb in the passive participle) ever
- O melhor bolo já feito
- The best cake ever made
Usage notes
[edit]In Portuguese, já is said more frequently than the English equivalents. It is sometimes left untranslated altogether.
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:já.
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms with audio pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech pronouns
- Czech personal pronouns
- Czech nouns
- Czech indeclinable nouns
- Czech neuter nouns
- cs:Psychoanalysis
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic 1-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/auː
- Rhymes:Icelandic/auː/1 syllable
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic adverbs
- Icelandic interjections
- Icelandic informal terms
- Inari Sami terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Inari Sami lemmas
- Inari Sami conjunctions
- Indo-Portuguese terms inherited from Portuguese
- Indo-Portuguese terms derived from Portuguese
- Indo-Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Indo-Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Indo-Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Indo-Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Indo-Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Indo-Portuguese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Indo-Portuguese lemmas
- Indo-Portuguese particles
- Indo-Portuguese terms with quotations
- Khiamniungan Naga terms with IPA pronunciation
- Khiamniungan Naga terms with audio pronunciation
- Khiamniungan Naga lemmas
- Khiamniungan Naga verbs
- Khiamniungan Naga terms with usage examples
- Macanese terms derived from Indo-Portuguese
- Macanese terms derived from Portuguese
- Macanese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Macanese terms derived from Latin
- Macanese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Macanese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Macanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Macanese lemmas
- Macanese particles
- Macanese terms with usage examples
- Macanese conjunctions
- Northern Sami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Northern Sami 1-syllable words
- Northern Sami lemmas
- Northern Sami adverbs
- R:Álgu lacking id
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse adverbs
- Old Norse interjections
- Old Norse informal terms
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Portuguese/a
- Rhymes:Portuguese/a/1 syllable
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese adverbs
- Portuguese uncomparable adverbs
- Portuguese terms with usage examples