hutubu

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خَطَبَ (ḵaṭaba).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-hutubu (infinitive kuhutubu)

1. to preach, to lecture

Conjugation

Conjugation of -hutubu
Positive present -nahutubu Subjunctive -hutubu Negative -hutubu Imperative singular hutubu
Infinitives
Positive kuhutubu Negative kutohutubu
Imperatives
Singular hutubu Plural hutubuni
Tensed forms
Habitual huhutubu Positive past positive subject concord + -lihutubu Negative past negative subject concord + -kuhutubu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahutubu) Singular Plural 1st person ninahutubu/nahutubu tunahutubu 2nd person unahutubu mnahutubu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anahutubu wanahutubu other classes positive subject concord + -nahutubu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -hutubu) Singular Plural 1st person sihutubu hatuhutubu 2nd person huhutubu hamhutubu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hahutubu hawahutubu other classes negative subject concord + -hutubu
Positive future positive subject concord + -tahutubu Negative future negative subject concord + -tahutubu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hutubu) Singular Plural 1st person nihutubu tuhutubu 2nd person uhutubu mhutubu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahutubu wahutubu other classes positive subject concord + -hutubu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sihutubu Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngehutubu Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singehutubu Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalihutubu Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalihutubu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahutubu) Singular Plural 1st person nahutubu twahutubu 2nd person wahutubu mwahutubu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahutubu wahutubu m-mi(III/IV) wahutubu yahutubu ji-ma(V/VI) lahutubu yahutubu ki-vi(VII/VIII) chahutubu vyahutubu n(IX/X) yahutubu zahutubu u(XI) wahutubu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwahutubu pa(XVI) pahutubu mu(XVIII) mwahutubu
Perfect positive subject concord + -mehutubu "Already" positive subject concord + -meshahutubu "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jahutubu "If/When" positive subject concord + -kihutubu "If not" positive subject concord + -sipohutubu Consecutive kahutubu / positive subject concord + -kahutubu Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kahutubu
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nihutubu -tuhutubu 2nd person -kuhutubu -wahutubu/-kuhutubuni/-wahutubuni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mhutubu -wahutubu m-mi(III/IV) -uhutubu -ihutubu ji-ma(V/VI) -lihutubu -yahutubu ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kihutubu -vihutubu n(IX/X) -ihutubu -zihutubu u(XI) -uhutubu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuhutubu pa(XVI) -pahutubu mu(XVIII) -muhutubu Reflexive -jihutubu
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hutubu- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -hutubuye -hutubuo m-mi(III/IV) -hutubuo -hutubuyo ji-ma(V/VI) -hutubulo -hutubuyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -hutubucho -hutubuvyo n(IX/X) -hutubuyo -hutubuzo u(XI) -hutubuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -hutubuko pa(XVI) -hutubupo mu(XVIII) -hutubumo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hutubu) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yehutubu -ohutubu m-mi(III/IV) -ohutubu -yohutubu ji-ma(V/VI) -lohutubu -yohutubu ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chohutubu -vyohutubu n(IX/X) -yohutubu -zohutubu u(XI) -ohutubu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kohutubu pa(XVI) -pohutubu mu(XVIII) -mohutubu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Related terms

• hotuba (“speech, sermon”)