hitimu

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خَتَمَ (ḵatama, “to conclude”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-hitimu (infinitive kuhitimu)

1. to graduate

Conjugation

Conjugation of -hitimu
Positive present -nahitimu Subjunctive -hitimu Negative -hitimu Imperative singular hitimu
Infinitives
Positive kuhitimu Negative kutohitimu
Imperatives
Singular hitimu Plural hitimuni
Tensed forms
Habitual huhitimu Positive past positive subject concord + -lihitimu Negative past negative subject concord + -kuhitimu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahitimu) Singular Plural 1st person ninahitimu/nahitimu tunahitimu 2nd person unahitimu mnahitimu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anahitimu wanahitimu other classes positive subject concord + -nahitimu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -hitimu) Singular Plural 1st person sihitimu hatuhitimu 2nd person huhitimu hamhitimu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hahitimu hawahitimu other classes negative subject concord + -hitimu
Positive future positive subject concord + -tahitimu Negative future negative subject concord + -tahitimu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hitimu) Singular Plural 1st person nihitimu tuhitimu 2nd person uhitimu mhitimu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahitimu wahitimu other classes positive subject concord + -hitimu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sihitimu Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngehitimu Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singehitimu Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalihitimu Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalihitimu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahitimu) Singular Plural 1st person nahitimu twahitimu 2nd person wahitimu mwahitimu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahitimu wahitimu m-mi(III/IV) wahitimu yahitimu ji-ma(V/VI) lahitimu yahitimu ki-vi(VII/VIII) chahitimu vyahitimu n(IX/X) yahitimu zahitimu u(XI) wahitimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwahitimu pa(XVI) pahitimu mu(XVIII) mwahitimu
Perfect positive subject concord + -mehitimu "Already" positive subject concord + -meshahitimu "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jahitimu "If/When" positive subject concord + -kihitimu "If not" positive subject concord + -sipohitimu Consecutive kahitimu / positive subject concord + -kahitimu Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kahitimu
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nihitimu -tuhitimu 2nd person -kuhitimu -wahitimu/-kuhitimuni/-wahitimuni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mhitimu -wahitimu m-mi(III/IV) -uhitimu -ihitimu ji-ma(V/VI) -lihitimu -yahitimu ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kihitimu -vihitimu n(IX/X) -ihitimu -zihitimu u(XI) -uhitimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuhitimu pa(XVI) -pahitimu mu(XVIII) -muhitimu Reflexive -jihitimu
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hitimu- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -hitimuye -hitimuo m-mi(III/IV) -hitimuo -hitimuyo ji-ma(V/VI) -hitimulo -hitimuyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -hitimucho -hitimuvyo n(IX/X) -hitimuyo -hitimuzo u(XI) -hitimuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -hitimuko pa(XVI) -hitimupo mu(XVIII) -hitimumo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hitimu) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yehitimu -ohitimu m-mi(III/IV) -ohitimu -yohitimu ji-ma(V/VI) -lohitimu -yohitimu ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chohitimu -vyohitimu n(IX/X) -yohitimu -zohitimu u(XI) -ohitimu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kohitimu pa(XVI) -pohitimu mu(XVIII) -mohitimu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -hitimia
  • Causative: -hitimisha
  • Stative: -hitimika

• Nominal derivations:
  • mhitimu (“graduate”)