guiar

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ɡiˈa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ɡiˈaɾ]

Verb

guiar (first-person singular present guio, first-person singular preterite guií, past participle guiat)

1. to guide

Conjugation

    Conjugation of guiar (first conjugation)

infinitive			guiar
gerund			guiant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		guiat		guiada
		plural		guiats		guiades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	guio	guies	guia	guiem	guieu	guien
	imperfect	guiava	guiaves	guiava	guiàvem	guiàveu	guiaven
	future	guiaré	guiaràs	guiarà	guiarem	guiareu	guiaran
	preterite	guií	guiares	guià	guiàrem	guiàreu	guiaren
	conditional	guiaria	guiaries	guiaria	guiaríem	guiaríeu	guiarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	guiï	guiïs	guiï	guiem	guieu	guiïn
	imperfect	guiés	guiessis	guiés	guiéssim	guiéssiu	guiessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	guia	guiï	guiem	guieu	guiïn
	negative (no)	—	no guiïs	no guiï	no guiem	no guieu	no guiïn

Derived terms

• guió

Related terms

• guia

Further reading

• “guiar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese guiar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria) either from Old French guier, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wītaną (“to go forth”); or directly from Gothic *𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*widan, “to join”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡiˈaɾ/

Verb

guiar (first-person singular present guío, first-person singular preterite guiei, past participle guiado)
guiar (first-person singular present guio, first-person singular preterite guiei, past participle guiado, reintegrationist norm)

1. (transitive) to guide, to lead
2. (pronominal) to obey, to follow
   • 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 226:

     este rey dõ Afonso mãteue muy bem seu reyno, per consello dos sabios per que sse el guiaua

     this king, Don Afonso, kept very ably his realm, because of the advice of the sages whom he followed

Conjugation

    Conjugation of guiar (i becomes í when stressed)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	guiar
Personal	guiar	guiares	guiar	guiarmos	guiardes	guiaren
Gerund
	guiando
Past participle
Masculine	guiado			guiados
Feminine	guiada			guiadas
Indicative
Present	guío	guías	guía	guiamos	guiades	guían
Imperfect	guiaba	guiabas	guiaba	guiabamos	guiabades	guiaban
Preterite	guiei	guiaches	guiou	guiamos	guiastes	guiaron
Pluperfect	guiara	guiaras	guiara	guiaramos	guiarades	guiaran
Future	guiarei	guiarás	guiará	guiaremos	guiaredes	guiarán
Conditional	guiaría	guiarías	guiaría	guiariamos	guiariades	guiarían
Subjunctive
Present	guíe	guíes	guíe	guiemos	guiedes	guíen
Imperfect	guiase	guiases	guiase	guiásemos	guiásedes	guiasen
Future	guiar	guiares	guiar	guiarmos	guiardes	guiaren
Imperative
Affirmative		guía	guíe	guiemos	guiade	guíen
Negative (non)		non guíes	non guíe	non guiemos	non guiedes	non guíen

    Reintegrated conjugation of guiar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	guiar
Personal	guiar	guiares	guiar	guiarmos	guiardes	guiarem
Gerund
	guiando
Past participle
Masculine	guiado			guiados
Feminine	guiada			guiadas
Indicative
Present	guio	guias	guia	guiamos	guiades, guiais	guiam
Imperfect	guiava	guiavas	guiava	guiávamos	guiávades, guiáveis, guiávais1	guiavam
Preterite	guiei	guiaste, guiache1	guiou	guiamos	guiastes	guiárom, guiaram
Pluperfect	guiara	guiaras	guiara	guiáramos	guiárades, guiáreis, guiárais1	guiaram
Future	guiarei	guiarás	guiará	guiaremos	guiaredes, guiareis	guiarám, guiarão
Conditional	guiaria	guiarias	guiaria	guiaríamos	guiaríades, guiaríeis, guiaríais1	guiariam
Subjunctive
Present	guie	guies	guie	guiemos	guiedes, guieis	guiem
Imperfect	guiasse	guiasses	guiasse	guiássemos	guiássedes, guiásseis	guiassem
Future	guiar	guiares	guiar	guiarmos	guiardes	guiarem
Imperative
Affirmative		guia	guie	guiemos	guiade, guiai	guiem
Negative (nom)		nom guies	nom guie	nom guiemos	nom guiedes, nom guieis	nom guiem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• guiado

Related terms

• guía

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “guiar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “guiar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “guiar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “guiar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “guiar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese guiar, from Early Medieval Latin guidāre, possibly from Gothic *𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*widan, “to join”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡiˈa(ʁ)/ [ɡɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ˈɡja(ʁ)/ [ˈɡja(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡiˈa(ʁ)/ [ɡɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ˈɡja(ʁ)/ [ˈɡja(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ɡiˈa(ɾ)/ [ɡɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /ˈɡja(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ɡiˈa(ʁ)/ [ɡɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /ˈɡja(ʁ)/ [ˈɡja(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡiˈa(ɻ)/ [ɡɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /ˈɡja(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡjaɾ/, /ɡiˈaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡjaɾ/, /ɡiˈaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡja.ɾi/, /ɡiˈa.ɾi/

Verb

guiar (first-person singular present guio, first-person singular preterite guiei, past participle guiado)

1. to lead; to guide; to direct

   Antonyms: desencaminhar, desgarrar

2. to drive (a vehicle)
3. to guide (supervise one's education)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of guiar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	guiar
Personal	guiar	guiares	guiar	guiarmos	guiardes	guiarem
Gerund
	guiando
Past participle
Masculine	guiado			guiados
Feminine	guiada			guiadas
Indicative
Present	guio	guias	guia	guiamos	guiais	guiam
Imperfect	guiava	guiavas	guiava	guiávamos	guiáveis	guiavam
Preterite	guiei	guiaste	guiou	guiamos1, guiámos2	guiastes	guiaram
Pluperfect	guiara	guiaras	guiara	guiáramos	guiáreis	guiaram
Future	guiarei	guiarás	guiará	guiaremos	guiareis	guiarão
Conditional	guiaria	guiarias	guiaria	guiaríamos	guiaríeis	guiariam
Subjunctive
Present	guie	guies	guie	guiemos	guieis	guiem
Imperfect	guiasse	guiasses	guiasse	guiássemos	guiásseis	guiassem
Future	guiar	guiares	guiar	guiarmos	guiardes	guiarem
Imperative
Affirmative		guia	guie	guiemos	guiai	guiem
Negative (não)		não guies	não guie	não guiemos	não guieis	não guiem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Synonyms

• (lead): conduzir, encaminhar,
• (drive): dirigir, conduzir
• (supervise one's education): orientar, educar, ensinar

Related terms

• guia
• guiado
• guiador
• guião
• guidão

Spanish

Etymology

Probably from Old Occitan guidar, from Frankish *wītan (“to show the way, lead”), from Proto-Germanic *wītaną (“to see, know; go, depart”), possibly through a Medieval Latin intermediate. Compare Portuguese guiar, French guider (Old French guier), Old Occitan guidar, Italian guidare, English guide.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡjaɾ/ [ˈɡjaɾ], /ɡiˈaɾ/ [ɡiˈaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: guiar, gui‧ar

Verb

guiar (first-person singular present guío, first-person singular preterite guie, past participle guiado)

1. to guide
2. to lead, to conduct
3. to show the way
4. to drive, to steer
5. to train (plants)
6. to advise, to counsel, to guide
7. to sprout (of plants)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of guiar (i-í alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			guiar
gerund			guiando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		guiado		guiada
		plural		guiados		guiadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	guío	guíastú guiasvos	guía	guiamos	guiais	guían
	imperfect	guiaba	guiabas	guiaba	guiábamos	guiabais	guiaban
	preterite	guie	guiaste	guio	guiamos	guiasteis	guiaron
	future	guiaré	guiarás	guiará	guiaremos	guiaréis	guiarán
	conditional	guiaría	guiarías	guiaría	guiaríamos	guiaríais	guiarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	guíe	guíestú guiesvos2	guíe	guiemos	guieis	guíen
	imperfect (ra)	guiara	guiaras	guiara	guiáramos	guiarais	guiaran
	imperfect (se)	guiase	guiases	guiase	guiásemos	guiaseis	guiasen
	future1	guiare	guiares	guiare	guiáremos	guiareis	guiaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		guíatú guiavos	guíe	guiemos	guiad	guíen
	negative		no guíes	no guíe	no guiemos	no guieis	no guíen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of guiar (i-í alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive guiar
	dative	guiarme	guiarte	guiarle, guiarse	guiarnos	guiaros	guiarles, guiarse
	accusative	guiarme	guiarte	guiarlo, guiarla, guiarse	guiarnos	guiaros	guiarlos, guiarlas, guiarse
with gerund guiando
	dative	guiándome	guiándote	guiándole, guiándose	guiándonos	guiándoos	guiándoles, guiándose
	accusative	guiándome	guiándote	guiándolo, guiándola, guiándose	guiándonos	guiándoos	guiándolos, guiándolas, guiándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative guía
	dative	guíame	guíate	guíale	guíanos	not used	guíales
	accusative	guíame	guíate	guíalo, guíala	guíanos	not used	guíalos, guíalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative guia
	dative	guiame	guiate	guiale	guianos	not used	guiales
	accusative	guiame	guiate	guialo, guiala	guianos	not used	guialos, guialas
with formal second-person singular imperative guíe
	dative	guíeme	not used	guíele, guíese	guíenos	not used	guíeles
	accusative	guíeme	not used	guíelo, guíela, guíese	guíenos	not used	guíelos, guíelas
with first-person plural imperative guiemos
	dative	not used	guiémoste	guiémosle	guiémonos	guiémoos	guiémosles
	accusative	not used	guiémoste	guiémoslo, guiémosla	guiémonos	guiémoos	guiémoslos, guiémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative guiad
	dative	guiadme	not used	guiadle	guiadnos	guiaos	guiadles
	accusative	guiadme	not used	guiadlo, guiadla	guiadnos	guiaos	guiadlos, guiadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative guíen
	dative	guíenme	not used	guíenle	guíennos	not used	guíenles, guíense
	accusative	guíenme	not used	guíenlo, guíenla	guíennos	not used	guíenlos, guíenlas, guíense

Derived terms

• bomba guiada

 

Related terms

• guía
• guiarse

 

Further reading

• “guiar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28