gemir

See also: gémir

Catalan

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin gemere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ʒəˈmi]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [d͡ʒeˈmiɾ]

Verb

gemir (first-person singular present gemeixo, first-person singular preterite gemí, past participle gemit)

1. (intransitive) to wail, to howl
2. (intransitive) to moan, to groan

Conjugation

    Conjugation of gemir (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			gemir
gerund			gemint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		gemit		gemida
		plural		gemits		gemides
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	gemeixo	gemeixes	gemeix	gemim	gemiu	gemeixen
	imperfect	gemia	gemies	gemia	gemíem	gemíeu	gemien
	future	gemiré	gemiràs	gemirà	gemirem	gemireu	gemiran
	preterite	gemí	gemires	gemí	gemírem	gemíreu	gemiren
	conditional	gemiria	gemiries	gemiria	gemiríem	gemiríeu	gemirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	gemeixi	gemeixis	gemeixi	gemim	gemiu	gemeixin
	imperfect	gemís	gemissis	gemís	gemíssim	gemíssiu	gemissin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	gemeix	gemeixi	gemim	gemiu	gemeixin
	negative (no)	—	no gemeixis	no gemeixi	no gemim	no gemiu	no gemeixin

Synonyms

• gemegar

Further reading

• “gemir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Spanish

Etymology

Semi-learned modification (based on the original Latin etymology) and conjugation change of Old Spanish emer, itself inherited from Latin gemere. Compare Portuguese gemer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xeˈmiɾ/ [xeˈmiɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: ge‧mir

Verb

gemir (first-person singular present gimo, first-person singular preterite gemí, past participle gemido)

1. to wail
2. to moan, to groan

Conjugation

    Conjugation of gemir (e-i alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			gemir
gerund			gimiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		gemido		gemida
		plural		gemidos		gemidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	gimo	gimestú gemísvos	gime	gemimos	gemís	gimen
	imperfect	gemía	gemías	gemía	gemíamos	gemíais	gemían
	preterite	gemí	gemiste	gimió	gemimos	gemisteis	gimieron
	future	gemiré	gemirás	gemirá	gemiremos	gemiréis	gemirán
	conditional	gemiría	gemirías	gemiría	gemiríamos	gemiríais	gemirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	gima	gimastú gimásvos2	gima	gimamos	gimáis	giman
	imperfect (ra)	gimiera	gimieras	gimiera	gimiéramos	gimierais	gimieran
	imperfect (se)	gimiese	gimieses	gimiese	gimiésemos	gimieseis	gimiesen
	future1	gimiere	gimieres	gimiere	gimiéremos	gimiereis	gimieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		gimetú gemívos	gima	gimamos	gemid	giman
	negative		no gimas	no gima	no gimamos	no gimáis	no giman

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Related terms

• gemido

 

References

• Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “gemir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume III (G–Ma), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, pages 142-143

Further reading

• “gemir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10