eripio

Latin

Etymology

From ex- (“out of, from”) +‎ rapiō (“grab, seize”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /eːˈri.pi.oː/, [eːˈrɪpioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /eˈri.pi.o/, [eˈriːpio]

Verb

ēripiō (present infinitive ēripere, perfect active ēripuī, supine ēreptum); third conjugation iō-variant

1. to rescue, deliver, free, save

   Synonyms: salvō, tūtor, vindicō, cū̆stōdiō, sospitō, teneō, adimō, prōtegō, tegō, dēfendō, sustineō, arceō, tueor, servō, excipiō, prohibeō

   Antonyms: immineō, īnstō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.289:

     “‘Heu fuge, nāte deā, tēque hīs, ait, ēripe flammīs.’”

     [Aeneas recalls Hector’s dire warning:] “‘Alas! Flee, goddess-born,’ [Hector] says, ‘and deliver yourself from these flames!’”

2. to preempt, take by force
3. to snatch, snatch away, take away, tear out, pull out, pluck, rob

   Synonyms: rapiō, adimō, auferō, tollō, abdūcō, fraudō, āmoveō, rēmoveō, exhauriō, dēmō, āvertō, corripiō, praedor, extorqueō, agō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.88–89:

     Ēripiunt subitō nūbēs caelumque diemque
     Teucrōrum ex oculīs; pontō nox incubat ātra.

     Stormclouds suddenly take away both sky and day[light] from the eyes of the Trojans; black night broods upon the sea.
     (“They take away, suddenly, stormclouds…”: The poet exploits Latin’s flexible word-order and begins line 88 with the energetic verb “ēripiunt.” Note: The Trojans were “Teucrians” or descendants of King Teucer.)

4. to escape, flee

   Synonyms: fugiō, effugiō, ēvādō, refugiō, cōnfugiō, aufugiō, prōfugiō, perfugiō, diffugiō, āvolō, ēlābor, lābor

5. (passive voice) to die suddenly, to be suddenly taken away, to be suddenly snatched away

Conjugation

   Conjugation of ēripiō (third conjugation iō-variant)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	ēripiō	ēripis	ēripit	ēripimus	ēripitis	ēripiunt
	imperfect	ēripiēbam	ēripiēbās	ēripiēbat	ēripiēbāmus	ēripiēbātis	ēripiēbant
	future	ēripiam	ēripiēs	ēripiet	ēripiēmus	ēripiētis	ēripient
	perfect	ēripuī	ēripuistī	ēripuit	ēripuimus	ēripuistis	ēripuērunt, ēripuēre
	pluperfect	ēripueram	ēripuerās	ēripuerat	ēripuerāmus	ēripuerātis	ēripuerant
	future perfect	ēripuerō	ēripueris	ēripuerit	ēripuerimus	ēripueritis	ēripuerint
passive	present	ēripior	ēriperis, ēripere	ēripitur	ēripimur	ēripiminī	ēripiuntur
	imperfect	ēripiēbar	ēripiēbāris, ēripiēbāre	ēripiēbātur	ēripiēbāmur	ēripiēbāminī	ēripiēbantur
	future	ēripiar	ēripiēris, ēripiēre	ēripiētur	ēripiēmur	ēripiēminī	ēripientur
	perfect	ēreptus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	ēreptus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	ēreptus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	ēripiam	ēripiās	ēripiat	ēripiāmus	ēripiātis	ēripiant
imperfect	ēriperem	ēriperēs	ēriperet	ēriperēmus	ēriperētis	ēriperent
perfect	ēripuerim	ēripuerīs	ēripuerit	ēripuerīmus	ēripuerītis	ēripuerint
pluperfect	ēripuissem	ēripuissēs	ēripuisset	ēripuissēmus	ēripuissētis	ēripuissent
passive	present	ēripiar	ēripiāris, ēripiāre	ēripiātur	ēripiāmur	ēripiāminī	ēripiantur
imperfect	ēriperer	ēriperēris, ēriperēre	ēriperētur	ēriperēmur	ēriperēminī	ēriperentur
perfect	ēreptus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	ēreptus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	ēripe	—	—	ēripite	—
	future	—	ēripitō	ēripitō	—	ēripitōte	ēripiuntō
passive	present	—	ēripere	—	—	ēripiminī	—
	future	—	ēripitor	ēripitor	—	—	ēripiuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		ēripere	ēripuisse	ēreptūrum esse	ēripī	ēreptum esse	ēreptum īrī
participles		ēripiēns	—	ēreptūrus	—	ēreptus	ēripiendus, ēripiundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		ēripiendī	ēripiendō	ēripiendum	ēripiendō	ēreptum	ēreptū

Derived terms

• agnum lupo eripere velle (to wish the impossible, literally: to wish to rescue a lamb from a wolf)

Descendants

• Old Occitan: erebre

References

• “eripio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “eripio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• eripio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to deprive a man of the chance of doing a thing: facultatem, potestatem alicui eripere, adimere
    
  • to rescue from peril: aliquem ex periculo eripere, servare
    
  • to undeceive a person: alicui errorem demere, eripere, extorquere
    
  • to free a person from his pain: dolorem alicui eripere (Att. 9. 6. 4)
    
  • to deprive a person of hope: spem alicui adimere, tollere, auferre, eripere
    
  • to rob a people of its freedom: libertatem populo eripere
    
  • to rescue some one from the hands of the enemy: eripere aliquem e manibus hostium