custodio

See also: Custodio and custodió

Latin

Etymology

From custōd- (“guardian”) +‎ -iō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /kusˈtoː.di.oː/, [kʊs̠ˈt̪oːd̪ioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kusˈto.di.o/, [kusˈt̪ɔːd̪io]

Verb

custōdiō (present infinitive custōdīre, perfect active custōdīvī or custōdiī, supine custōdītum); fourth conjugation

1. to monitor, supervise, guard

   Synonyms: servō, praeservō

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus.20.6:

     et faciens misericordiam in millia his qui diligunt me, et custodiunt praecepta mea.

     and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.

2. to protect, defend

   Synonyms: prōtegō, dēfendō, vindicō, salvō, tūtor, sospitō, praeservō, arceō, servō, tegō, sustineō, adsum, teneō, tueor, adimō, mūniō, prohibeō, ēripiō

   Antonyms: immineō, īnstō, obiectō

3. to observe, take heed, watch

   Synonyms: conspiciō, servō, observō, cōnspicor, spectō, animadvertō, intueor

4. to preserve, keep, retain, maintain

   Synonyms: obtineō, contineō, retineō, teneō, cōnservō, praeservō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of custōdiō (fourth conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	custōdiō	custōdīs	custōdit	custōdīmus	custōdītis	custōdiunt
	imperfect	custōdiēbam	custōdiēbās	custōdiēbat	custōdiēbāmus	custōdiēbātis	custōdiēbant
	future	custōdiam	custōdiēs	custōdiet	custōdiēmus	custōdiētis	custōdient
	perfect	custōdīvī, custōdiī	custōdīvistī, custōdiistī	custōdīvit, custōdiit	custōdīvimus, custōdiimus	custōdīvistis, custōdiistis	custōdīvērunt, custōdīvēre, custōdiērunt, custōdiēre
	pluperfect	custōdīveram, custōdieram	custōdīverās, custōdierās	custōdīverat, custōdierat	custōdīverāmus, custōdierāmus	custōdīverātis, custōdierātis	custōdīverant, custōdierant
	future perfect	custōdīverō, custōdierō	custōdīveris, custōdieris	custōdīverit, custōdierit	custōdīverimus, custōdierimus	custōdīveritis, custōdieritis	custōdīverint, custōdierint
passive	present	custōdior	custōdīris, custōdīre	custōdītur	custōdīmur	custōdīminī	custōdiuntur
	imperfect	custōdiēbar	custōdiēbāris, custōdiēbāre	custōdiēbātur	custōdiēbāmur	custōdiēbāminī	custōdiēbantur
	future	custōdiar	custōdiēris, custōdiēre	custōdiētur	custōdiēmur	custōdiēminī	custōdientur
	perfect	custōdītus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	custōdītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	custōdītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	custōdiam	custōdiās	custōdiat	custōdiāmus	custōdiātis	custōdiant
imperfect	custōdīrem	custōdīrēs	custōdīret	custōdīrēmus	custōdīrētis	custōdīrent
perfect	custōdīverim, custōdierim	custōdīverīs, custōdierīs	custōdīverit, custōdierit	custōdīverīmus, custōdierīmus	custōdīverītis, custōdierītis	custōdīverint, custōdierint
pluperfect	custōdīvissem, custōdiissem	custōdīvissēs, custōdiissēs	custōdīvisset, custōdiisset	custōdīvissēmus, custōdiissēmus	custōdīvissētis, custōdiissētis	custōdīvissent, custōdiissent
passive	present	custōdiar	custōdiāris, custōdiāre	custōdiātur	custōdiāmur	custōdiāminī	custōdiantur
imperfect	custōdīrer	custōdīrēris, custōdīrēre	custōdīrētur	custōdīrēmur	custōdīrēminī	custōdīrentur
perfect	custōdītus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	custōdītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	custōdī	—	—	custōdīte	—
	future	—	custōdītō	custōdītō	—	custōdītōte	custōdiuntō
passive	present	—	custōdīre	—	—	custōdīminī	—
	future	—	custōdītor	custōdītor	—	—	custōdiuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		custōdīre	custōdīvisse, custōdiisse	custōdītūrum esse	custōdīrī	custōdītum esse	custōdītum īrī
participles		custōdiēns	—	custōdītūrus	—	custōdītus	custōdiendus, custōdiundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		custōdiendī	custōdiendō	custōdiendum	custōdiendō	custōdītum	custōdītū

Descendants

• Gascon: acostodir
• Old French: custoïr, costoïr, costeïr
• Old Occitan: costozir
  • Occitan: costosir
• → Italian: custodire
  • → Corsican: custudì
• → Old Gascon: custodir

References

• custodio in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “cŭstodīre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 1595

Further reading

• “custodio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “custodio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• custodio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to keep in mind: memoria custodire
    

Portuguese

Verb

custodio

1. first-person singular present indicative of custodiar

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kusˈtodjo/ [kusˈt̪o.ð̞jo]
• Rhymes: -odjo
• Syllabification: cus‧to‧dio

Etymology 1

From Latin custōdem +‎ -io.

Noun

custodio m (plural custodios)

1. guardian
2. keeper
3. custodian
4. (US) guard

Etymology 2

Verb

custodio

1. first-person singular present indicative of custodiar

Further reading

• “custodio”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10