enojar

Old Occitan

Alternative forms

• enujar, enuejar

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin inodiāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /enoˈd͡ʒaɾ/

Verb

enojar

1. to bother, upset

Descendants

• Occitan: anujar, anutjar (Languedoc), einujar, einuiar (Limousin), enujar, enuiar (Provençal), enuiar (Vivaro-Alpine)
• → Old Galician-Portuguese: anojar, enojar
  • Galician: anoxar
  • Portuguese: anojar, enjoar
• → Old Spanish: enojar
  • Spanish: enojar

References

• DOM: enojar

Old Spanish

Alternative forms

• enoyar (indigenous form)

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Occitan enojar, from Late Latin inodiāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /enoˈʒaɾ/

Verb

enojar

1. to anger

Descendants

• Spanish: enojar

References

• Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “enojar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 635

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese enojar (“to anger”), borrowed from Old Occitan enojar, from Vulgar Latin inodiāre (“make hateful”), from Latin odium (“hatred”). Compare ódio and enjoar.

Cognate with Catalan enutjar, Galician anoxar, Spanish enojar, Italian annoiare, French ennuyer and English annoy.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /e.noˈʒa(ʁ)/ [e.noˈʒa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /e.noˈʒa(ʁ)/ [e.noˈʒa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /e.noˈʒa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /e.noˈʒa(ʁ)/ [e.noˈʒa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /e.noˈʒa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /i.nuˈʒaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /i.nuˈʒaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /i.nuˈʒa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: e‧no‧jar

Verb

enojar (first-person singular present enojo, first-person singular preterite enojei, past participle enojado)

1. to disgust (cause an intense dislike for something)

   Synonym: repugnar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of enojar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	enojar
Personal	enojar	enojares	enojar	enojarmos	enojardes	enojarem
Gerund
	enojando
Past participle
Masculine	enojado			enojados
Feminine	enojada			enojadas
Indicative
Present	enojo	enojas	enoja	enojamos	enojais	enojam
Imperfect	enojava	enojavas	enojava	enojávamos	enojáveis	enojavam
Preterite	enojei	enojaste	enojou	enojamos1, enojámos2	enojastes	enojaram
Pluperfect	enojara	enojaras	enojara	enojáramos	enojáreis	enojaram
Future	enojarei	enojarás	enojará	enojaremos	enojareis	enojarão
Conditional	enojaria	enojarias	enojaria	enojaríamos	enojaríeis	enojariam
Subjunctive
Present	enoje	enojes	enoje	enojemos	enojeis	enojem
Imperfect	enojasse	enojasses	enojasse	enojássemos	enojásseis	enojassem
Future	enojar	enojares	enojar	enojarmos	enojardes	enojarem
Imperative
Affirmative		enoja	enoje	enojemos	enojai	enojem
Negative (não)		não enojes	não enoje	não enojemos	não enojeis	não enojem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• nojo

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish enojar, from Old Occitan enojar, from Late Latin inodiāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /enoˈxaɾ/ [e.noˈxaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: e‧no‧jar

Verb

enojar (first-person singular present enojo, first-person singular preterite enojé, past participle enojado)

1. (transitive) to anger
2. (reflexive) to become angry

Conjugation

    Conjugation of enojar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			enojar
gerund			enojando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		enojado		enojada
		plural		enojados		enojadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	enojo	enojastú enojásvos	enoja	enojamos	enojáis	enojan
	imperfect	enojaba	enojabas	enojaba	enojábamos	enojabais	enojaban
	preterite	enojé	enojaste	enojó	enojamos	enojasteis	enojaron
	future	enojaré	enojarás	enojará	enojaremos	enojaréis	enojarán
	conditional	enojaría	enojarías	enojaría	enojaríamos	enojaríais	enojarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	enoje	enojestú enojésvos2	enoje	enojemos	enojéis	enojen
	imperfect (ra)	enojara	enojaras	enojara	enojáramos	enojarais	enojaran
	imperfect (se)	enojase	enojases	enojase	enojásemos	enojaseis	enojasen
	future1	enojare	enojares	enojare	enojáremos	enojareis	enojaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		enojatú enojávos	enoje	enojemos	enojad	enojen
	negative		no enojes	no enoje	no enojemos	no enojéis	no enojen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of enojar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive enojar	dative	enojarme	enojarte	enojarle, enojarse	enojarnos	enojaros	enojarles, enojarse
	accusative	enojarme	enojarte	enojarlo, enojarla, enojarse	enojarnos	enojaros	enojarlos, enojarlas, enojarse
with gerund enojando	dative	enojándome	enojándote	enojándole, enojándose	enojándonos	enojándoos	enojándoles, enojándose
	accusative	enojándome	enojándote	enojándolo, enojándola, enojándose	enojándonos	enojándoos	enojándolos, enojándolas, enojándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative enoja	dative	enójame	enójate	enójale	enójanos	not used	enójales
	accusative	enójame	enójate	enójalo, enójala	enójanos	not used	enójalos, enójalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative enojá	dative	enojame	enojate	enojale	enojanos	not used	enojales
	accusative	enojame	enojate	enojalo, enojala	enojanos	not used	enojalos, enojalas
with formal second-person singular imperative enoje	dative	enójeme	not used	enójele, enójese	enójenos	not used	enójeles
	accusative	enójeme	not used	enójelo, enójela, enójese	enójenos	not used	enójelos, enójelas
with first-person plural imperative enojemos	dative	not used	enojémoste	enojémosle	enojémonos	enojémoos	enojémosles
	accusative	not used	enojémoste	enojémoslo, enojémosla	enojémonos	enojémoos	enojémoslos, enojémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative enojad	dative	enojadme	not used	enojadle	enojadnos	enojaos	enojadles
	accusative	enojadme	not used	enojadlo, enojadla	enojadnos	enojaos	enojadlos, enojadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative enojen	dative	enójenme	not used	enójenle	enójennos	not used	enójenles, enójense
	accusative	enójenme	not used	enójenlo, enójenla	enójennos	not used	enójenlos, enójenlas, enójense

Related terms

• desenojar
• enojarse

References

• Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “enojar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 635

Further reading

• “enojar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10