dzēst
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Latvian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gāsīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)gʷes-.
Cognates include Lithuanian gèsti, Proto-Slavic *gasiti (whence Russian гаси́ть (gasítʹ), Polish gasić, Czech hasit).
Verb
[edit]dzēst (transitive, 1st conjugation, present dzēšu, dzēs, dzēš, past dzēsu)
- to extinguish, to put out
- dzēst ugunsgrēku ― to extinguish a fire
- dzēst sveci ― to put out a candle
- to erase, to delete
- dzēst zīmi ― to erase a mark
- to pay off, to pay back, to clear (a debt)
- dzēst aizdevumu ― to pay off a loan
- dzēst soda naudu ― to pay a fine
- to slake
- dzēstie kaļķi ― slaked lime
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of dzēst
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) | IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present (tagadne) |
Past (pagātne) |
Future (nākotne) | |||
1st pers. sg. | es | dzēšu | dzēsu | dzēsīšu | — |
2nd pers. sg. | tu | dzēs | dzēsi | dzēsīsi | dzēs |
3rd pers. sg. | viņš, viņa | dzēš | dzēsa | dzēsīs | lai dzēš |
1st pers. pl. | mēs | dzēšam | dzēsām | dzēsīsim | dzēsīsim |
2nd pers. pl. | jūs | dzēšat | dzēsāt | dzēsīsiet, dzēsīsit |
dzēsiet |
3rd pers. pl. | viņi, viņas | dzēš | dzēsa | dzēsīs | lai dzēš |
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) | PARTICIPLES (divdabji) | ||||
Present | dzēšot | Present Active 1 (Adj.) | dzēsošs | ||
Past | esot dzēsis | Present Active 2 (Adv.) | dzēsdams | ||
Future | dzēsīšot | Present Active 3 (Adv.) | dzēšot | ||
Imperative | lai dzēšot | Present Active 4 (Obj.) | dzēšam | ||
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) | Past Active | dzēsis | |||
Present | dzēstu | Present Passive | dzēšams | ||
Past | būtu dzēsis | Past Passive | dzēsts | ||
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) | NOMINAL FORMS | ||||
Indicative | (būt) jādzēš | Infinitive (nenoteiksme) | dzēst | ||
Conjunctive 1 | esot jādzēš | Negative Infinitive | nedzēst | ||
Conjunctive 2 | jādzēšot | Verbal noun | dzēšana |
Derived terms
[edit]- dzēšgumija (“eraser”)
- ugunsdzēsējs (“firefighter”)
Categories:
- Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian transitive verbs
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian verbs
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian first conjugation verbs
- Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t
- Latvian semi-palatalizing first conjugation verbs
- Latvian first conjugation verbs in -zt or -st