Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gasiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷōs-eye-, lengthened causative of *(s)gʷes-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian gesýti (“to extinguish”), 1sg. gesaũ, gèsti (“to be extinguished, to go out”), 1sg. gestù, Latvian dzēst (“to extinguish”), dzist (“to be extinguished, to go out”). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit जसते (jásate, “to be extinguished”), जासयति (jāsáyati, “to extinguish, to exhaust”), Ancient Greek σβέννῡμι (sbénnūmi, “to extinguish”).

Verb

*gasìti impf^[1]^[2]^[3]

to extinguish

Inflection

Conjugation of *gasiti, *gasi, *gasitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*gašenьje	*gasiti	*gasitъ	*gasilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*gašenъ	*gasimъ
Active	*gašь	*gasę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gasixъ	*gasi	*gasi	*gašǫ	*gasiši	*gasitь
Dual	*gasixově	*gasista	*gasiste	*gasivě	*gasita	*gasite
Plural	*gasixomъ	*gasiste	*gasišę	*gasimъ	*gasite	*gasętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gašaaxъ	*gašaaše	*gašaaše	—	*gasi	*gasi
Dual	*gašaaxově	*gašaašeta	*gašaašete	*gasivě	*gasita	—
Plural	*gašaaxomъ	*gašaašete	*gašaaxǫ	*gasimъ	*gasite	—

(*)*gasivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Conjugation of *gasiti, *gasi, *gasitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*gašenьje	*gasiti	*gasitъ	*gasilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*gašenъ	*gasimъ
Active	*gašь	*gasę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gasixъ	*gasi	*gasi	*gašǫ	*gasiši	*gasitь
Dual	*gasixově	*gasista	*gasiste	*gasivě	*gasita	*gasite
Plural	*gasixomъ	*gasiste	*gasišę	*gasimъ	*gasite	*gasętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gašaaxъ	*gašaaše	*gašaaše	—	*gasi	*gasi
Dual	*gašaaxově	*gašaašeta	*gašaašete	*gasivě	*gasita	—
Plural	*gašaaxomъ	*gašaašete	*gašaaxǫ	*gasimъ	*gasite	—

(*)*gasivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

*gàsnǫti (“to be extinguished, to go out”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: гасити (gasiti)
  - Old Belarusian: гасити (hasiti)
    - Belarusian: гасі́ць (hasícʹ)
  - Ukrainian: гаси́ти (hasýty)
  - Russian: гаси́ть (gasítʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: оугасити (ugasiti)
  
  Glagolitic script: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: гася́ (gasjá)
- Macedonian: гаси (gasi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: га́сити
  
  Latin script: gásiti
- Slovene: gasīti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hasiti
  - Czech: hasit
- Kashubian: gasëc
- Polabian: gosĕ (3sg.)
- Polish: gasić
- Slovak: hasiť
- Slovincian: gasëc
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: hasyć
  - Lower Sorbian: gasyś

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gasìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161: “v. (b/c) ‘extinguish’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “gasiti: gasjǫ gasitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c slukke (SA 259; PR 139)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “gasīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*gasi̋ti”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gasìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161: “v. (b/c) ‘extinguish’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “gasiti: gasjǫ gasitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c slukke (SA 259; PR 139)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “gasīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*gasi̋ti”

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