constringo

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /konˈstrin.ɡo/
• Rhymes: -inɡo
• Hyphenation: con‧strìn‧go

Verb

constringo

1. first-person singular present indicative of constringere

Latin

Etymology

From cōn- (“with, together”) +‎ stringō (“to draw, bind or tie tight”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /konˈstrin.ɡoː/, [kõːˈs̠t̪rɪŋɡoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /konˈstrin.ɡo/, [konˈst̪riŋɡo]

Verb

cōnstringō (present infinitive cōnstringere, perfect active cōnstrīnxī, supine cōnstrictum); third conjugation

1. To draw or bind together, to bind, tie up
   1. (poetic) To stamp or seal
   2. (in particular, frequently) To bind together with fetters, to fetter, bind (a criminal, insane person etc.)
   3. (medicine) To draw together, contract
2. (in general) To hold or bind together, to bind, fetter, restrain, hinder, inhibit, hold in check
3. (in particular, of discourse or reasoning) To bring into a narrow compass, to compress, squeeze

Conjugation

   Conjugation of cōnstringō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	cōnstringō	cōnstringis	cōnstringit	cōnstringimus	cōnstringitis	cōnstringunt
	imperfect	cōnstringēbam	cōnstringēbās	cōnstringēbat	cōnstringēbāmus	cōnstringēbātis	cōnstringēbant
	future	cōnstringam	cōnstringēs	cōnstringet	cōnstringēmus	cōnstringētis	cōnstringent
	perfect	cōnstrīnxī	cōnstrīnxistī	cōnstrīnxit	cōnstrīnximus	cōnstrīnxistis	cōnstrīnxērunt, cōnstrīnxēre
	pluperfect	cōnstrīnxeram	cōnstrīnxerās	cōnstrīnxerat	cōnstrīnxerāmus	cōnstrīnxerātis	cōnstrīnxerant
	future perfect	cōnstrīnxerō	cōnstrīnxeris	cōnstrīnxerit	cōnstrīnxerimus	cōnstrīnxeritis	cōnstrīnxerint
passive	present	cōnstringor	cōnstringeris, cōnstringere	cōnstringitur	cōnstringimur	cōnstringiminī	cōnstringuntur
	imperfect	cōnstringēbar	cōnstringēbāris, cōnstringēbāre	cōnstringēbātur	cōnstringēbāmur	cōnstringēbāminī	cōnstringēbantur
	future	cōnstringar	cōnstringēris, cōnstringēre	cōnstringētur	cōnstringēmur	cōnstringēminī	cōnstringentur
	perfect	cōnstrictus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	cōnstrictus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	cōnstrictus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	cōnstringam	cōnstringās	cōnstringat	cōnstringāmus	cōnstringātis	cōnstringant
imperfect	cōnstringerem	cōnstringerēs	cōnstringeret	cōnstringerēmus	cōnstringerētis	cōnstringerent
perfect	cōnstrīnxerim	cōnstrīnxerīs	cōnstrīnxerit	cōnstrīnxerīmus	cōnstrīnxerītis	cōnstrīnxerint
pluperfect	cōnstrīnxissem	cōnstrīnxissēs	cōnstrīnxisset	cōnstrīnxissēmus	cōnstrīnxissētis	cōnstrīnxissent
passive	present	cōnstringar	cōnstringāris, cōnstringāre	cōnstringātur	cōnstringāmur	cōnstringāminī	cōnstringantur
imperfect	cōnstringerer	cōnstringerēris, cōnstringerēre	cōnstringerētur	cōnstringerēmur	cōnstringerēminī	cōnstringerentur
perfect	cōnstrictus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	cōnstrictus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	cōnstringe	—	—	cōnstringite	—
	future	—	cōnstringitō	cōnstringitō	—	cōnstringitōte	cōnstringuntō
passive	present	—	cōnstringere	—	—	cōnstringiminī	—
	future	—	cōnstringitor	cōnstringitor	—	—	cōnstringuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		cōnstringere	cōnstrīnxisse	cōnstrictūrum esse	cōnstringī	cōnstrictum esse	cōnstrictum īrī
participles		cōnstringēns	—	cōnstrictūrus	—	cōnstrictus	cōnstringendus, cōnstringundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		cōnstringendī	cōnstringendō	cōnstringendum	cōnstringendō	cōnstrictum	cōnstrictū

Derived terms

• constrictus (participle)
• constrictiō (noun)

Descendants

Descendants

• Catalan: constrènyer
• → English: constrict, constrain
• French: contraindre
• → Galician: constrinxir
• Italian: costringere
• Occitan: constrénher, constrénger
• Portuguese: constranger, constringir
• Romanian: constrânge
• Sicilian: custrìnciri
• Spanish: constreñir

References

• “constringo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “constringo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• constringo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.