chafuka

Swahili

Etymology

From -chafu (“dirty”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-chafuka (infinitive kuchafuka)

1. to be dirty
2. to be stormy, rough (of the sea)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -chafuka
Positive present -nachafuka Subjunctive -chafuke Negative -chafuki Imperative singular chafuka
Infinitives
Positive kuchafuka Negative kutochafuka
Imperatives
Singular chafuka Plural chafukeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huchafuka Positive past positive subject concord + -lichafuka Negative past negative subject concord + -kuchafuka
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nachafuka) Singular Plural 1st person ninachafuka/nachafuka tunachafuka 2nd person unachafuka mnachafuka 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anachafuka wanachafuka other classes positive subject concord + -nachafuka
Negative present (negative subject concord + -chafuki) Singular Plural 1st person sichafuki hatuchafuki 2nd person huchafuki hamchafuki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hachafuki hawachafuki other classes negative subject concord + -chafuki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tachafuka Negative future negative subject concord + -tachafuka
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -chafuke) Singular Plural 1st person nichafuke tuchafuke 2nd person uchafuke mchafuke 3rd person m-wa(I/II) achafuke wachafuke other classes positive subject concord + -chafuke
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sichafuke Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngechafuka Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singechafuka Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalichafuka Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalichafuka
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -achafuka) Singular Plural 1st person nachafuka twachafuka 2nd person wachafuka mwachafuka 3rd person m-wa(I/II) achafuka wachafuka m-mi(III/IV) wachafuka yachafuka ji-ma(V/VI) lachafuka yachafuka ki-vi(VII/VIII) chachafuka vyachafuka n(IX/X) yachafuka zachafuka u(XI) wachafuka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwachafuka pa(XVI) pachafuka mu(XVIII) mwachafuka
Perfect positive subject concord + -mechafuka "Already" positive subject concord + -meshachafuka "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jachafuka "If/When" positive subject concord + -kichafuka "If not" positive subject concord + -sipochafuka Consecutive kachafuka / positive subject concord + -kachafuka Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kachafuke
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nichafuka -tuchafuka 2nd person -kuchafuka -wachafuka/-kuchafukeni/-wachafukeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mchafuka -wachafuka m-mi(III/IV) -uchafuka -ichafuka ji-ma(V/VI) -lichafuka -yachafuka ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kichafuka -vichafuka n(IX/X) -ichafuka -zichafuka u(XI) -uchafuka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuchafuka pa(XVI) -pachafuka mu(XVIII) -muchafuka Reflexive -jichafuka
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -chafuka- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -chafukaye -chafukao m-mi(III/IV) -chafukao -chafukayo ji-ma(V/VI) -chafukalo -chafukayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chafukacho -chafukavyo n(IX/X) -chafukayo -chafukazo u(XI) -chafukao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -chafukako pa(XVI) -chafukapo mu(XVIII) -chafukamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -chafuka) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yechafuka -ochafuka m-mi(III/IV) -ochafuka -yochafuka ji-ma(V/VI) -lochafuka -yochafuka ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chochafuka -vyochafuka n(IX/X) -yochafuka -zochafuka u(XI) -ochafuka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kochafuka pa(XVI) -pochafuka mu(XVIII) -mochafuka
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Nominal derivations:
  • machafuko