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bocht

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /bɔxt/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: bocht
  • Rhymes: -ɔxt

Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch bocht, from Old Dutch *buht, from Proto-West Germanic *buhti, from Proto-Germanic *buhtiz. Equivalent to buigen (to bend, bow) +‎ -t (verbal noun).

Noun

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bocht f or m (plural bochten, diminutive bochtje n)

  1. a bend, curve, inflection, something not straight
  2. a twist, change
  3. a bight, broad curvature of a coastline, bay
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Berbice Creole Dutch: boktu
  • Papiamentu: bògt
  • Sranan Tongo: boktu

Etymology 2

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From Middle Dutch bocht, becht, bacht (garbage, dung, shit), possibly from Proto-West Germanic *buggjan (to buy), though this is at odds with the last two forms.[1]

Noun

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bocht m or n (uncountable)

  1. (now Belgium) junk, rubbish
  2. junk, booze, moonshine
  3. (Netherlands) disgusting drink, trash, rubbish
    Hij zei dat de bocht die hij ons gaf whiskey was, maar het smaakte er niet naar.
    He said that the foul drink he gave us was whiskey, but it didn't taste like it.

References

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  1. ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “bocht2”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish bocht (poor), from Proto-Celtic *boxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogtós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (to break).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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bocht (genitive singular masculine boicht, genitive singular feminine boichte, plural bochta, comparative boichte)

  1. poor (of circumstances, of quality, condition, expressing pity, sympathy, expressing dislike, contempt)
  2. stingy
  3. (nominalized, masculine) poor person

Declension

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Declension of bocht
singular plural (m/f)
Positive masculine feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
nominative bocht bhocht bochta;
bhochta2
vocative bhoicht bochta
genitive boichte bochta bocht
dative bocht;
bhocht1
bhocht;
bhoicht (archaic)
bochta;
bhochta2
Comparative níos boichte
Superlative is boichte

1 When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
2 When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of bocht
radical lenition eclipsis
bocht bhocht mbocht

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 31, page 18
  2. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 47
  3. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 380, page 128

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Celtic *boxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogtós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (to break).

Adjective

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bocht

  1. poor
  2. (Christianity) of one who has taken a vow of poverty
Inflection
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o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative bocht bocht bocht
Vocative boicht*
bocht**
Accusative bocht boicht
Genitive boicht boichte boicht
Dative bocht boicht bocht
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative boicht bochta
Vocative bochtu
bochta
Accusative bochtu
bochta
Genitive bocht
Dative bochtaib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Descendants
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Noun

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bocht m or f

  1. poor person, pauper
  2. the poor (in a collective sense)
Inflection
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As a masculine noun:

Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative bocht bochtL boichtL
Vocative boicht bochtL bochtuH
Accusative bochtN bochtL bochtuH
Genitive boichtL bocht bochtN
Dative bochtL bochtaib bochtaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

As a feminine noun:

Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative bochtL boichtL bochtaH
Vocative bochtL boichtL bochtaH
Accusative boichtN boichtL bochtaH
Genitive boichteH bochtL bochtN
Dative boichtL bochtaib bochtaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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·bocht

  1. passive singular preterite of bongaid

Mutation

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Mutation of bocht
radical lenition nasalization
bocht bocht
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/
mbocht

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Scots

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [boxt]
  • (Central Scots) IPA(key): [bot], [boʔ]
  • (South Scots) IPA(key): [bʌu(x)t]

Verb

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bocht

  1. simple past tense and past participle of buy