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babka

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: babką and bábka

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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From a Slavic language likely via Yiddish באַבקע (babke). Compare baba, in the sense of "rum soaked cake".

Pronunciation

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Noun

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babka (plural babkas)

  1. A Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins; or with some single flavoring, e.g. chocolate, lemon, etc.

Translations

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Anagrams

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Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Pronunciation

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Noun

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babka f

  1. (informal) old woman
    Synonym: stařena
  2. the mushroom Xerocomellus chrysenteron
    Synonym: hřib žlutomasý

Declension

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Further reading

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  • babka”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • babka”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • babka”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Indonesian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English babka, most likely from Yiddish באַבקע (babke), from Slavic.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbap.ka/
  • Rhymes: -ka, -a
  • Hyphenation: bab‧ka

Noun

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babka (plural babka-babka)

  1. (cooking) babka: a Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins.

Further reading

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Ingrian

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Russian бабка (babka).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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babka

  1. Synonym of poohan (pastern)
  2. Synonym of papu (knucklebones)
Declension
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Declension of babka (type 3/kana, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative babka babkat
genitive babkan babkoin
partitive babkaa babkoja
illative babkaa babkoi
inessive babkaas babkois
elative babkast babkoist
allative babkalle babkoille
adessive babkaal babkoil
ablative babkalt babkoilt
translative babkaks babkoiks
essive babkanna, babkaan babkoinna, babkoin
exessive1) babkant babkoint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Russian бабка (babka).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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babka

  1. Synonym of ämmä (midwife)
Declension
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Declension of babka (type 3/kana, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative babka babkat
genitive babkan babkoin
partitive babkaa babkoja
illative babkaa babkoi
inessive babkaas babkois
elative babkast babkoist
allative babkalle babkoille
adessive babkaal babkoil
ablative babkalt babkoilt
translative babkaks babkoiks
essive babkanna, babkaan babkoinna, babkoin
exessive1) babkant babkoint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References

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  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 383
  • Arvo Laanest (1978) Isuri keele ajalooline foneetika ja morfoloogia [The historical phonology and morphology of the Ingrian language]‎[1], Tallinn, page 25

Lower Sorbian

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Etymology

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baba +‎ -ka.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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babka f

  1. diminutive of baba (midwife, old woman, woman)
  2. midwife

Declension

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Noun

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babka f

  1. diminutive of baba (sponge cake)

Declension

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Further reading

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  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “babka”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “babka”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Old Czech

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈbabka/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈbapka/

Noun

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babka f

  1. diminutive of bába (grandma, parent's mother)

Declension

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Further reading

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Old Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *babъka. By surface analysis, baba +‎ -ka. First attested in the second half of the 14th century.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /ba(ː)pka/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /bapka/, /bɒpka/

Noun

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babka f

  1. (attested in Greater Poland) diminutive of baba (grandma, parent's mother)
    • 1902 [1407], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego[2], volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 323:
      Byesdrowsco przipadlo na Lesczinø babkø
      [Biezdrowsko przypadło na Leszczynę babkę]
  2. (attested in Lesser Poland) diminutive of baba (midwife)
  3. (attested in Greater Poland, in the plural, astronomy) diminutive of baba (Pleiades)
    • 1908 [c. 1500], Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490[4], Lubiń, page 1:
      Pliades sunt stelle pluviales vlg. bapky
      [Pliades sunt stelle pluviales vlg. babki]
    • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 102r:
      Pliades sunt stelle pluviales vlg. bapky quoddam signum celeste
      [Pliades sunt stelle pluviales vlg. babki quoddam signum celeste]
  4. plantain; greater plantain (Plantago major)
    • 1900 [1419], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2[5], number 5040:
      Babka arnoglossa, plantago maior
      [Babka arnoglossa, plantago maior]
    • 1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 188r:
      Plantago [] est quedam herba multum vtilis Et dicitur a planta eo quod adheret terre vlg. babka
      [Plantago [] est quedam herba multum vtilis Et dicitur a planta eo quod adheret terre vlg. babka]
    • XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski I, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.Q.ch.XVI.33, page 8:
      Plantago babka
      [Plantago babka]
    • 1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 40v:
      Citharia est quedam herba que alio nomine dicitur plantago babka
      [Citharia est quedam herba que alio nomine dicitur plantago babka]
    • XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski IV, esarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.F.ch.I.401, page 11:
      Citaria babka
      [Citaria babka]
    1. ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata)
      • 1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2[6], number 2456:
        Babka arnoglossa, plantago minor
        [Babka arnoglossa, plantago minor]
    2. hoary plantain, Plantago media
      • 1900 [1419], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2[7], number 5042:
        Kosmata babka auriculus leporis, plantago media
        [Kosmata babka auriculus leporis, plantago media]
    3. (attested in Greater Poland, Southern Borderlands) The meaning of this term is uncertain.

Descendants

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  • Polish: babka
  • Silesian: babka

References

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  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “babka”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
  • Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “babka”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk
  • Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “babki”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl
babka

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish babka. By surface analysis, baba +‎ -ka.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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babka f (diminutive babeczka)

  1. diminutive of baba
  2. grandmother
    Synonyms: baba, babcia, babunia
  3. (colloquial) woman
    Synonyms: babeczka, kobieta
  4. (historical) medicine woman
  5. babka (type of cake)
  6. sandcastle
  7. plantain (any plant of the genus Plantago)
  8. goby (any of various small fish from the large family Gobiidae)
  9. (obsolete) diminutive of baba (beggar)
  10. (obsolete, agriculture) mound of several sheaves of grain placed in a field
  11. (obsolete) type of edible mushroom
  12. (obsolete, mining) stone closing the entrance to the mine
  13. (obsolete, forging) stone used to close a blast furnace acting as a furnace door
  14. (obsolete, engineering) hammer with the same head on both sides
  15. (obsolete, forging) anvil for bending padlock shackles
  16. (obsolete, forging) small anvil used for tapping a scythe
  17. (obsolete) dragonfly
    Synonym: ważka
  18. (obsolete) small cannon
    Synonym: armatka
  19. (obsolete) type of old, small Polish currency
  20. (obsolete) die used in a particular children's game
  21. (Middle Polish or dialectal, Przemyśl) midwife
    Synonym: akuszerka
  22. (Middle Polish) blind man's buff

Declension

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Derived terms

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adjectives
nouns
phrases

Further reading

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  • babka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • babka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “babka”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • Paweł Kupiszewski (19.12.2018) “BABKA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “babka”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “babka”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “babka”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 78
  • babka in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
  • Aleksander Saloni (1899) “babka”, in “Lud wiejski w okolicy Przeworska”, in M. Arct, E. Lubowski, editors, Wisła : miesięcznik gieograficzno-etnograficzny (in Polish), volume 13, Warsaw: Artur Gruszecki, page 236

Silesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish ka. By surface analysis, baba +‎ -ka.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbap.ka/
  • Rhymes: -apka
  • Syllabification: bab‧ka

Noun

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babka f

  1. diminutive of baba
  2. common woodlouse, Porcellio scaber
  3. (forging) small anvil for striking a scythe or a sickle
    Synonym: baba
  4. village midwife
    Synonym: babica
  5. babka (type of cake)
  6. common pear, (Pyrus communis)
    Synonym: baba
  7. (agriculture) last sheaf gathered during a harvest
  8. blind man's buff

Further reading

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  • babka in silling.org
  • Bogdan Kallus (2020) “babka”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 234
  • Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “babka”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 62
  • Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “babka”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 32