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asteroid

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Asteroid

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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  • enPR: ăs'tə-roid", IPA(key): /ˈæst(ə)ɹɔɪd/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Homophone: astroid (one pronunciation)

Etymology 1

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
An asteroid.

From aster +‎ -oid, lit. "star-like". Coined by William Herschel.

Noun

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asteroid (plural asteroids)

  2. (astronomy) A naturally occurring solid object, which is smaller than a planet and a dwarf planet, larger than a meteoroid and not a comet, that orbits a star and often has an irregular shape.
  3. (astronomy) In the Solar system, such a body that orbits within the orbit of Jupiter
    • 2007, Hannu Karttunen et al., editors, Fundamental Astronomy, 5th edition, page 131:
      The orbital planes of asteroids, minor bodies that circle the Sun mainly between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, are often more tilted ...
Usage notes
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The term "asteroid" has never been precisely defined. It was coined for objects which looked like stars in a telescope but moved like planets. These were known from the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and were later found co-orbiting with Jupiter (Trojan asteroids) and within the orbit of Mars. They were naturally distinguished from comets, which did not look at all starlike. Starting in the 1970s, small non-cometary bodies were found outside the orbit of Jupiter, and usage became divided as to whether to call these "asteroids" as well. Some astronomers restrict the term "asteroid" to rocky or rocky-icy bodies with orbits up to Jupiter. They may retain the term planetoid for all small bodies, and thus tend to use it for icy or rocky-icy bodies beyond Jupiter, or may use dedicated words such as centaurs, Kuiper belt objects, transneptunian objects, etc. for the latter. Other astronomers use "asteroid" for all non-cometary bodies smaller than a planet, even large ones such as Sedna and (occasionally) Pluto. However, the distinction between asteroid and comet is an artificial one; many outer "asteroids" would become comets if they ventured nearer the Sun. The IAU terminology since 2006 has been small Solar System body for any body that orbits the Sun directly and whose shape is not dominated by gravity.

Derived terms
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Related terms
Translations
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See also

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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀστεροειδής (asteroeidḗs), from ἀστήρ (astḗr, “star”) + εἶδος (eîdos, “form”). Analyzable as aster- +‎ -oid.

Noun

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asteroid (plural asteroids)

  1. (zoology) Any member of the taxonomic class Asteroidea; a starfish.

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Pronunciation

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Noun

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asteroid m inan

  1. asteroid

Declension

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Declension of asteroid (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative asteroid asteroidy
genitive asteroidu asteroidů
dative asteroidu asteroidům
accusative asteroid asteroidy
vocative asteroide asteroidy
locative asteroidu asteroidech
instrumental asteroidem asteroidy
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See also

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Further reading

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  • “asteroid”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
  • “asteroid”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “asteroid”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Estonian

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɑsteˈroi̯d̥/, [ɑsteˈroi̯d̥], /ˈɑsteroi̯d̥/, [ˈɑsteˌroi̯d̥]

Noun

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asteroid (genitive asteroidi, partitive asteroidi)

  1. asteroid

Declension

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Declension of asteroid (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative asteroid asteroidid
accusative nom.
gen. asteroidi
genitive asteroidide
partitive asteroidi asteroide
asteroidisid
illative asteroidi
asteroidisse 		asteroididesse
asteroidesse
inessive asteroidis asteroidides
asteroides
elative asteroidist asteroididest
asteroidest
allative asteroidile asteroididele
asteroidele
adessive asteroidil asteroididel
asteroidel
ablative asteroidilt asteroididelt
asteroidelt
translative asteroidiks asteroidideks
asteroideks
terminative asteroidini asteroidideni
essive asteroidina asteroididena
abessive asteroidita asteroidideta
comitative asteroidiga asteroididega

Further reading

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  • “asteroid”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

Indonesian

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Etymology

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From English asteroid.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [asteˈroɪt̚]
  • Hyphenation: as‧té‧ro‧id

Noun

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astéroid

  1. (astronomy) asteroid
    Synonym: planetoid

Further reading

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Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French astéroïde.

Noun

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asteroid m (plural asteroizi)

  1. asteroid

Declension

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singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative asteroid asteroidul asteroizi asteroizii
genitive-dative asteroid asteroidului asteroizi asteroizilor
vocative asteroidule asteroizilor

Further reading

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Serbo-Croatian

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Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sh

Pronunciation

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Noun

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asteròīd m (Cyrillic spelling астеро̀ӣд)

  1. asteroid

Declension

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Declension of asteroid
singular plural
nominative asteròīd asteroidi
genitive asteroída asteroida
dative asteroidu asteroidima
accusative asteroid asteroide
vocative asteroide asteroidi
locative asteroidu asteroidima
instrumental asteroidom asteroidima

Further reading

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  • “asteroid”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Slovene

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Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Pronunciation

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Noun

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asteroȋd m inan

  1. asteroid

Inflection

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 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. asteroȋd
gen. sing. asteroȋda
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		asteroȋd asteroȋda asteroȋdi
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		asteroȋda asteroȋdov asteroȋdov
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		asteroȋdu asteroȋdoma asteroȋdom
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		asteroȋd asteroȋda asteroȋde
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		asteroȋdu asteroȋdih asteroȋdih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		asteroȋdom asteroȋdoma asteroȋdi

Further reading

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Swedish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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asteroid c

  1. asteroid

Declension

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Declension of asteroid
nominative genitive
singular indefinite asteroid asteroids
definite asteroiden asteroidens
plural indefinite asteroider asteroiders
definite asteroiderna asteroidernas
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