afrancesar

Catalan

Etymology

From a- +‎ francès +‎ -ar.

Verb

afrancesar (first-person singular present afranceso, first-person singular preterite afrancesí, past participle afrancesat)

1. (transitive) to frenchify, Gallicize
2. (intransitive, pronominal) to frenchify; to adopt Francophilia

Conjugation

    Conjugation of afrancesar (first conjugation)

infinitive			afrancesar
gerund			afrancesant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		afrancesat		afrancesada
		plural		afrancesats		afrancesades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	afranceso	afranceses	afrancesa	afrancesem	afranceseu	afrancesen
	imperfect	afrancesava	afrancesaves	afrancesava	afrancesàvem	afrancesàveu	afrancesaven
	future	afrancesaré	afrancesaràs	afrancesarà	afrancesarem	afrancesareu	afrancesaran
	preterite	afrancesí	afrancesares	afrancesà	afrancesàrem	afrancesàreu	afrancesaren
	conditional	afrancesaria	afrancesaries	afrancesaria	afrancesaríem	afrancesaríeu	afrancesarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	afrancesi	afrancesis	afrancesi	afrancesem	afranceseu	afrancesin
	imperfect	afrancesés	afrancesessis	afrancesés	afranceséssim	afranceséssiu	afrancesessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	afrancesa	afrancesi	afrancesem	afranceseu	afrancesin
	negative (no)	—	no afrancesis	no afrancesi	no afrancesem	no afranceseu	no afrancesin

Derived terms

• afrancesament
• afrancesat

Further reading

• “afrancesar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

Galician

Etymology

From a- +‎ francés +‎ -ar.

Verb

afrancesar (first-person singular present afranceso, first-person singular preterite afrancesei, past participle afrancesado)

1. (transitive) to frenchify

Conjugation

    Conjugation of afrancesar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	afrancesar
Personal	afrancesar	afrancesares	afrancesar	afrancesarmos	afrancesardes	afrancesaren
Gerund
	afrancesando
Past participle
Masculine	afrancesado			afrancesados
Feminine	afrancesada			afrancesadas
Indicative
Present	afranceso	afrancesas	afrancesa	afrancesamos	afrancesades	afrancesan
Imperfect	afrancesaba	afrancesabas	afrancesaba	afrancesabamos	afrancesabades	afrancesaban
Preterite	afrancesei	afrancesaches	afrancesou	afrancesamos	afrancesastes	afrancesaron
Pluperfect	afrancesara	afrancesaras	afrancesara	afrancesaramos	afrancesarades	afrancesaran
Future	afrancesarei	afrancesarás	afrancesará	afrancesaremos	afrancesaredes	afrancesarán
Conditional	afrancesaría	afrancesarías	afrancesaría	afrancesariamos	afrancesariades	afrancesarían
Subjunctive
Present	afrancese	afranceses	afrancese	afrancesemos	afrancesedes	afrancesen
Imperfect	afrancesase	afrancesases	afrancesase	afrancesásemos	afrancesásedes	afrancesasen
Future	afrancesar	afrancesares	afrancesar	afrancesarmos	afrancesardes	afrancesaren
Imperative
Affirmative		afrancesa	afrancese	afrancesemos	afrancesade	afrancesen
Negative (non)		non afranceses	non afrancese	non afrancesemos	non afrancesedes	non afrancesen

    Reintegrated conjugation of afrancesar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	afrancesar
Personal	afrancesar	afrancesares	afrancesar	afrancesarmos	afrancesardes	afrancesarem
Gerund
	afrancesando
Past participle
Masculine	afrancesado			afrancesados
Feminine	afrancesada			afrancesadas
Indicative
Present	afranceso	afrancesas	afrancesa	afrancesamos	afrancesades, afrancesais	afrancesam
Imperfect	afrancesava	afrancesavas	afrancesava	afrancesávamos	afrancesávades, afrancesáveis, afrancesávais1	afrancesavam
Preterite	afrancesei	afrancesaste, afrancesache1	afrancesou	afrancesamos	afrancesastes	afrancesárom, afrancesaram
Pluperfect	afrancesara	afrancesaras	afrancesara	afrancesáramos	afrancesárades, afrancesáreis, afrancesárais1	afrancesaram
Future	afrancesarei	afrancesarás	afrancesará	afrancesaremos	afrancesaredes, afrancesareis	afrancesarám, afrancesarão
Conditional	afrancesaria	afrancesarias	afrancesaria	afrancesaríamos	afrancesaríades, afrancesaríeis, afrancesaríais1	afrancesariam
Subjunctive
Present	afrancese	afranceses	afrancese	afrancesemos	afrancesedes, afranceseis	afrancesem
Imperfect	afrancesasse	afrancesasses	afrancesasse	afrancesássemos	afrancesássedes, afrancesásseis	afrancesassem
Future	afrancesar	afrancesares	afrancesar	afrancesarmos	afrancesardes	afrancesarem
Imperative
Affirmative		afrancesa	afrancese	afrancesemos	afrancesade, afrancesai	afrancesem
Negative (nom)		nom afranceses	nom afrancese	nom afrancesemos	nom afrancesedes, nom afranceseis	nom afrancesem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• afrancesamento

Further reading

• “afrancesar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

Portuguese

Etymology

From a- +‎ francês +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.fɾɐ̃.seˈza(ʁ)/ [a.fɾɐ̃.seˈza(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.fɾɐ̃.seˈza(ʁ)/ [a.fɾɐ̃.seˈza(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /a.fɾɐ̃.seˈza(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /a.fɾɐ̃.seˈza(ʁ)/ [a.fɾɐ̃.seˈza(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.fɾɐ̃.seˈza(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.fɾɐ̃.sɨˈzaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.fɾɐ̃.sɨˈzaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.fɾɐ̃.sɨˈza.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: a‧fran‧ce‧sar

Verb

afrancesar (first-person singular present afranceso, first-person singular preterite afrancesei, past participle afrancesado)

1. (transitive) to frenchify

Conjugation

    Conjugation of afrancesar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	afrancesar
Personal	afrancesar	afrancesares	afrancesar	afrancesarmos	afrancesardes	afrancesarem
Gerund
	afrancesando
Past participle
Masculine	afrancesado			afrancesados
Feminine	afrancesada			afrancesadas
Indicative
Present	afranceso	afrancesas	afrancesa	afrancesamos	afrancesais	afrancesam
Imperfect	afrancesava	afrancesavas	afrancesava	afrancesávamos	afrancesáveis	afrancesavam
Preterite	afrancesei	afrancesaste	afrancesou	afrancesamos1, afrancesámos2	afrancesastes	afrancesaram
Pluperfect	afrancesara	afrancesaras	afrancesara	afrancesáramos	afrancesáreis	afrancesaram
Future	afrancesarei	afrancesarás	afrancesará	afrancesaremos	afrancesareis	afrancesarão
Conditional	afrancesaria	afrancesarias	afrancesaria	afrancesaríamos	afrancesaríeis	afrancesariam
Subjunctive
Present	afrancese	afranceses	afrancese	afrancesemos	afranceseis	afrancesem
Imperfect	afrancesasse	afrancesasses	afrancesasse	afrancesássemos	afrancesásseis	afrancesassem
Future	afrancesar	afrancesares	afrancesar	afrancesarmos	afrancesardes	afrancesarem
Imperative
Affirmative		afrancesa	afrancese	afrancesemos	afrancesai	afrancesem
Negative (não)		não afranceses	não afrancese	não afrancesemos	não afranceseis	não afrancesem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• afrancesamento

Spanish

Etymology

From a- +‎ francés +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /afɾanθeˈsaɾ/ [a.fɾãn̟.θeˈsaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /afɾanseˈsaɾ/ [a.fɾãn.seˈsaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: a‧fran‧ce‧sar

Verb

afrancesar (first-person singular present afranceso, first-person singular preterite afrancesé, past participle afrancesado)

1. (transitive, reflexive) to frenchify

Conjugation

    Conjugation of afrancesar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			afrancesar
gerund			afrancesando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		afrancesado		afrancesada
		plural		afrancesados		afrancesadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	afranceso	afrancesastú afrancesásvos	afrancesa	afrancesamos	afrancesáis	afrancesan
	imperfect	afrancesaba	afrancesabas	afrancesaba	afrancesábamos	afrancesabais	afrancesaban
	preterite	afrancesé	afrancesaste	afrancesó	afrancesamos	afrancesasteis	afrancesaron
	future	afrancesaré	afrancesarás	afrancesará	afrancesaremos	afrancesaréis	afrancesarán
	conditional	afrancesaría	afrancesarías	afrancesaría	afrancesaríamos	afrancesaríais	afrancesarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	afrancese	afrancesestú afrancesésvos2	afrancese	afrancesemos	afranceséis	afrancesen
	imperfect (ra)	afrancesara	afrancesaras	afrancesara	afrancesáramos	afrancesarais	afrancesaran
	imperfect (se)	afrancesase	afrancesases	afrancesase	afrancesásemos	afrancesaseis	afrancesasen
	future1	afrancesare	afrancesares	afrancesare	afrancesáremos	afrancesareis	afrancesaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		afrancesatú afrancesávos	afrancese	afrancesemos	afrancesad	afrancesen
	negative		no afranceses	no afrancese	no afrancesemos	no afranceséis	no afrancesen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of afrancesar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive afrancesar
	dative	afrancesarme	afrancesarte	afrancesarle, afrancesarse	afrancesarnos	afrancesaros	afrancesarles, afrancesarse
	accusative	afrancesarme	afrancesarte	afrancesarlo, afrancesarla, afrancesarse	afrancesarnos	afrancesaros	afrancesarlos, afrancesarlas, afrancesarse
with gerund afrancesando
	dative	afrancesándome	afrancesándote	afrancesándole, afrancesándose	afrancesándonos	afrancesándoos	afrancesándoles, afrancesándose
	accusative	afrancesándome	afrancesándote	afrancesándolo, afrancesándola, afrancesándose	afrancesándonos	afrancesándoos	afrancesándolos, afrancesándolas, afrancesándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative afrancesa
	dative	afrancésame	afrancésate	afrancésale	afrancésanos	not used	afrancésales
	accusative	afrancésame	afrancésate	afrancésalo, afrancésala	afrancésanos	not used	afrancésalos, afrancésalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative afrancesá
	dative	afrancesame	afrancesate	afrancesale	afrancesanos	not used	afrancesales
	accusative	afrancesame	afrancesate	afrancesalo, afrancesala	afrancesanos	not used	afrancesalos, afrancesalas
with formal second-person singular imperative afrancese
	dative	afrancéseme	not used	afrancésele, afrancésese	afrancésenos	not used	afrancéseles
	accusative	afrancéseme	not used	afrancéselo, afrancésela, afrancésese	afrancésenos	not used	afrancéselos, afrancéselas
with first-person plural imperative afrancesemos
	dative	not used	afrancesémoste	afrancesémosle	afrancesémonos	afrancesémoos	afrancesémosles
	accusative	not used	afrancesémoste	afrancesémoslo, afrancesémosla	afrancesémonos	afrancesémoos	afrancesémoslos, afrancesémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative afrancesad
	dative	afrancesadme	not used	afrancesadle	afrancesadnos	afrancesaos	afrancesadles
	accusative	afrancesadme	not used	afrancesadlo, afrancesadla	afrancesadnos	afrancesaos	afrancesadlos, afrancesadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative afrancesen
	dative	afrancésenme	not used	afrancésenle	afrancésennos	not used	afrancésenles, afrancésense
	accusative	afrancésenme	not used	afrancésenlo, afrancésenla	afrancésennos	not used	afrancésenlos, afrancésenlas, afrancésense

Derived terms

• afrancesamiento

 

Further reading

• “afrancesar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28