afficio

Latin

Alternative forms

• adficiō

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *adfakjō. Equivalent to ad- +‎ faciō (“do, make”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /afˈfi.ki.oː/, [äfˈfɪkioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /afˈfi.t͡ʃi.o/, [äfˈfiːt͡ʃio]

Verb

afficiō (present infinitive afficere, perfect active affēcī, supine affectum); third conjugation iō-variant

1. to cause someone to experience something; to visit, inflict, bestow [with ablative ‘something’ and accusative ‘on someone’]

   iniūriā afficere aliquem ― to wrong someone

   laude afficere aliquem ― to praise someone

   dolōre afficī ― to feel pain

2. to treat, manage, handle
3. to influence, have an effect on

   Synonyms: perpellō, īnfluō

4. to attack, afflict, weaken, impair

   Synonyms: atterō, frangō, effēminō, tenuō, minuō, dēterō, cōnsūmō

   Antonyms: firmō, cōnfirmō, mūniō, fortificō, cōnsolidō, sistō

Conjugation

Conjugation of afficiō (third conjugation iō-variant)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	afficiō	afficis	afficit	afficimus	afficitis	afficiunt
	imperfect	afficiēbam	afficiēbās	afficiēbat	afficiēbāmus	afficiēbātis	afficiēbant
	future	afficiam	afficiēs	afficiet	afficiēmus	afficiētis	afficient
	perfect	affēcī	affēcistī	affēcit	affēcimus	affēcistis	affēcērunt, affēcēre
	pluperfect	affēceram	affēcerās	affēcerat	affēcerāmus	affēcerātis	affēcerant
	future perfect	affēcerō	affēceris	affēcerit	affēcerimus	affēceritis	affēcerint
passive	present	afficior	afficeris, afficere	afficitur	afficimur	afficiminī	afficiuntur
	imperfect	afficiēbar	afficiēbāris, afficiēbāre	afficiēbātur	afficiēbāmur	afficiēbāminī	afficiēbantur
	future	afficiar	afficiēris, afficiēre	afficiētur	afficiēmur	afficiēminī	afficientur
	perfect	affectus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	affectus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	affectus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	afficiam	afficiās	afficiat	afficiāmus	afficiātis	afficiant
	imperfect	afficerem	afficerēs	afficeret	afficerēmus	afficerētis	afficerent
	perfect	affēcerim	affēcerīs	affēcerit	affēcerīmus	affēcerītis	affēcerint
	pluperfect	affēcissem	affēcissēs	affēcisset	affēcissēmus	affēcissētis	affēcissent
passive	present	afficiar	afficiāris, afficiāre	afficiātur	afficiāmur	afficiāminī	afficiantur
	imperfect	afficerer	afficerēris, afficerēre	afficerētur	afficerēmur	afficerēminī	afficerentur
	perfect	affectus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	affectus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	affice	—	—	afficite	—
	future	—	afficitō	afficitō	—	afficitōte	afficiuntō
passive	present	—	afficere	—	—	afficiminī	—
	future	—	afficitor	afficitor	—	—	afficiuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		afficere	affēcisse	affectūrum esse	afficī, afficier1	affectum esse	affectum īrī
participles		afficiēns	—	affectūrus	—	affectus	afficiendus, afficiundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		afficiendī	afficiendō	afficiendum	afficiendō	affectum	affectū

¹The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

• affectus
• sepultūrā afficiō

Descendants

• → English: affect

References

• “affĭcĭo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• adfĭcio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 35.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a thing makes a pleasant impression on the senses: aliquid sensus suaviter afficit
    
  • to bury a person: sepultura aliquem afficere
    
  • to be in a dilemma; in difficulties: angustiis premi, difficultatibus affici
    
  • to suffer loss, harm, damage: damno affici
    
  • to inconvenience, injure a person: incommodo afficere aliquem
    
  • to do any one a service or kindness: beneficio aliquem afficere, ornare
    
  • to remunerate (handsomely): praemiis (amplissimis, maximis) aliquem afficere
    
  • to praise, extol, commend a person: laude afficere aliquem
    
  • to confer undying fame on, immortalise some one: aliquem immortali gloria afficere
    
  • to honour, show respect for, a person: aliquem honore afficere, augere, ornare, prosequi (vid. sect. VI. 11., note Prosequi...)
    
  • to inflict an indignity upon, insult a person: aliquem ignominia afficere, notare
    
  • to give pleasure to some one: afficere aliquem gaudio, laetitia
    
  • to feel pain: dolore affici
    
  • to be vexed, mortified, anxious: aegritudine, sollicitudine affici
    
  • to long for a thing, yearn for it: desiderio alicuius rei teneri, affici (more strongly flagrare, incensum esse)
    
  • to be admired: admiratione affici
    
  • to wrong a person: iniuria afficere aliquem
    
  • to insult some one: contumelia aliquem afficere
    
  • to punish by banishment: aliquem exsilio afficere, multare
    
  • to enslave a free people: liberum populum servitute afficere
    
  • to punish some one: poena afficere aliquem (Off. 2. 5. 18)
    
  • to suffer capital punishment: supplicio (capitis) affici
    
• “afficiō” on pages 78–79 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “afficere”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 28/1