achar

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: Achar

English

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Hindustani اچار / अचार (acār), from Classical Persian آچار (āčār).[1]

Noun

[edit]

achar (countable and uncountable, plural achars)

  1. (India) A spicy and salty pickle in Indian cuisine.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/achar

Anagrams

[edit]

Galician

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Old Galician-Portuguese achar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin afflāre (“to blow”). Cognate with Portuguese achar, Asturian afayar and Spanish hallar.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /aˈt͡ʃaɾ/ [aˈt͡ʃaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Hyphenation: a‧char

Verb

[edit]

achar (first-person singular present acho, first-person singular preterite achei, past participle achado)

  1. (transitive, now rare) to find, come upon
    Synonym: atopar
    • 1555, Hernán Nunez, Refranes en Romance:
      Ala me leue Deus, donde ache dos meus
      May God take me to places where I come upon my people
  2. (transitive, dated) to find, find out; to think
    Synonyms: coidar, pensar
    • c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 806:
      prouarõ tres escaleyras de fuste et acharõnas curtas; et desi atarõnas a hũa cõ a outra et deytarõnas a hũa torre
      they tried three wooden ladders but found them too short; and so they tied them together and leaned them against a tower

Conjugation

[edit]
    Conjugation of achar
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti) 		Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal achar
Personal achar achares achar acharmos achardes acharen
Gerund
achando
Past participle
Masculine achado achados
Feminine achada achadas
Indicative
Present acho achas acha achamos achades achan
Imperfect achaba achabas achaba achabamos achabades achaban
Preterite achei achaches achou achamos achastes acharon
Pluperfect achara acharas achara acharamos acharades acharan
Future acharei acharás achará acharemos acharedes acharán
Conditional acharía acharías acharía achariamos achariades acharían
Subjunctive
Present ache aches ache achemos achedes achen
Imperfect achase achases achase achásemos achásedes achasen
Future achar achares achar acharmos achardes acharen
Imperative
Affirmative acha ache achemos achade achen
Negative (non) non aches non ache non achemos non achedes non achen
    Reintegrated conjugation of achar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti / tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal achar
Personal achar achares achar acharmos achardes acharem
Gerund
achando
Past participle
Masculine achado achados
Feminine achada achadas
Indicative
Present acho achas acha achamos achades, achais acham
Imperfect achava achavas achava achávamos achávades, acháveis, achávais1 achavam
Preterite achei achaste, achache1 achou achamos achastes achárom, acharam
Pluperfect achara acharas achara acháramos achárades, acháreis, achárais1 acharam
Future acharei acharás achará acharemos acharedes, achareis acharám, acharão
Conditional acharia acharias acharia acharíamos acharíades, acharíeis, acharíais1 achariam
Subjunctive
Present ache aches ache achemos achedes, acheis achem
Imperfect achasse achasses achasse achássemos achássedes, achásseis achassem
Future achar achares achar acharmos achardes acharem
Imperative
Affirmative acha ache achemos achade, achai achem
Negative (nom) nom aches nom ache nom achemos nom achedes, nom acheis nom achem

1Less recommended.

Derived terms

[edit]

References

[edit]

Irish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Old Irish ochair (“edge”),[1] from Proto-Celtic *okris, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂óḱris (compare Latin ocris (“rugged mountain”), Ancient Greek ὄκρις (ókris, “sharp edge”)), from *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).[2]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

achar m (genitive singular achair)

  1. distance, extent
    • 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 7:
      ḱē n t-axr̥, ə tā ən drehəd šin æš šo?
      [Cén t-achar atá an droichead sin as seo?]
      How far is that bridge from here?
      (literally, “What distance…”)
  2. period of time
    • 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 8:
      ə wakə tū n bĭaiəx ūd lomsə, a çȧn̄ə mē tā axr̥ gȧŕəȷ?
      [An bhfaca tú an beithíoch úd liomsa a cheannaigh mé tá achar gairid?]
      Did you see that cow of mine that I bought a short time ago?
  3. (geometry) area

Declension

[edit]
Declension of achar (first declension, no plural)
bare forms
case singular
nominative achar
vocative a achair
genitive achair
dative achar
forms with the definite article
case singular
nominative an t-achar
genitive an achair
dative leis an achar
don achar

Derived terms

[edit]

Mutation

[edit]
Mutated forms of achar
radical eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
achar n-achar hachar t-achar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ochair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*akro-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 28

Further reading

[edit]

Macanese

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Malay acar, from Classical Malay اچر (acar), from Classical Persian آچار (āčār, “pickle, marinade”). Compare Indonesian acar. Etymologically unrelated to Portuguese achar or its Macanese descendant achâ.

Noun

[edit]

achar

  1. preserve or pickle, made of spring onions, cabbage, coconut, apple, pear, etc. in vinegar and salt, (formerly) eaten as an appetizer or a street food using toothpicks
    comê achar ― to eat achar

Usage notes

[edit]
  • Not to be confused with achâ or ach'á.
  • Different from the Indian pickle achar, as this is not spicy.

References

[edit]

Old Galician-Portuguese

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited from Latin afflāre.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

achar

  1. to find

Conjugation

[edit]
    Conjugation of achar
infinitive simple achar
compound infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
gerund simple achando
compound gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
past participle singular plural
masculine achado achados
feminine achada achadas
present participle achante achantes
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative mood eu
ei 		tu el~ele
ela
vossa mercee 		nos
nos outros
nos outras 		vos
vos outros
vos outras 		eles
elas
simple
tenses 		present acho achas acha achamos achades achan
imperfect achava achavas achava achavamos, achávamos achavades, achávades achavan
preterite achei achaste, achasche, achache achou achamos achastes acharon
pluperfect achara acharas achara acharamos, acháramos acharades, achárades acharan
future acharei acharás achará acharemos acharedes acharán
conditional acharia acharias acharia achariamos, acharíamos achariades, acharíades acharian
compound
tenses 		present perfect present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
present imperfect imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
past anterior preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
pluperfect simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
future perfect future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
subjunctive mood eu
ei 		tu el~ele
ela
vossa mercee 		nos
nos outros
nos outras 		vos
vos outros
vos outras 		eles
elas
simple
tenses 		present ache aches ache achemos achedes achen
preterite achasse achasses achasse achássemos achássedes achassen
future achar achares achar acharmos achardes acharen
compound
tenses 		present perfect present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
pluperfect preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
future perfect future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
imperative mood — tu vossa mercee nos
nos outros
nos outras 		vos
vos outros
vos outras 		—
affirmative — acha ache achemos achade —
negative — non aches non ache non achemos non achedes —
personal infinitive eu
ei 		tu el~ele
ela
vossa mercee 		nos
nos outros
nos outras 		vos
vos outros
vos outras 		eles
elas
achar achares achar acharmos achardes acharen

1 Its alternative spelling, aver, can be used as well.

2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver".

Descendants

[edit]
  • Galician: achar
  • Portuguese: achar (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

[edit]

Old Irish

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

achar

  1. Alternative form of aicher

Declension

[edit]
o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative achar achar achar
Vocative achair*
achar**
Accusative achar achair
Genitive achair achrae, achaire achair
Dative achur achair achur
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative achair achra
Vocative achru
achra†
Accusative achru
achra†
Genitive achar
Dative achraib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Mutation

[edit]
Mutation of achar
radical lenition nasalization
achar
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) 		unchanged n-achar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Portuguese

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]
 
 

Etymology 1

[edit]

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese achar, from Latin afflāre. Compare Galician achar and Spanish hallar.

Verb

[edit]

achar (first-person singular present acho, first-person singular preterite achei, past participle achado)

  1. (transitive) to find; to encounter (to come across something that was unknown or had been lost)
    Synonym: encontrar
    Preciso de achar as chaves da minha casa.
    I need to find the keys to my house.
    Nenhum dos estudantes achou a resposta correta.
    None of the students found the correct answer.
  2. (ditransitive, copulative for the second object) to find; to consider (to have the opinion that a given thing has the given quality)
    Synonym: considerar
    Acho essa casa muito feia.
    I find that house very ugly.
    Acharam o filme interessante.
    They found the film interesting.
  3. (ditransitive, copulative for the second object) to find (to come across something in the given state)
    Synonym: encontrar
    Caminhei até a vila e achei-a inundada.
    I walked to the village and found it flooded.
  4. (transitive) to think (to have the given opinion) [with que ‘that’]
    Synonyms: pensar que, crer que
    Acho que vocês deviam ir embora.
    I think you all should go away.
    Acho que sim.
    I think so.
  5. (transitive) to think (to have an opinion regarding the worth of someone or something) [with de ‘of/about/concerning someone/something’]
    Synonym: pensar
    O que acharam do novo livro?
    What did they think of the new book?
    Me diga o que você acha.
    Let me know what you think.
  6. (pronominal, copulative) to be (in the given state or condition)
    Synonyms: estar, encontrar-se
    O livro se acha aberto.
    The book is open.
  7. (slang, pronominal) to be arrogant or act arrogantly; to think too highly of oneself
    Aquele otário está se achando com seu carro rebaixado.
    That sucker is being arrogant with his lowrider.
Conjugation
[edit]
    Conjugation of achar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal achar
Personal achar achares achar acharmos achardes acharem
Gerund
achando
Past participle
Masculine achado achados
Feminine achada achadas
Indicative
Present acho achas acha achamos achais acham
Imperfect achava achavas achava achávamos acháveis achavam
Preterite achei achaste achou achamos1, achámos2 achastes acharam
Pluperfect achara acharas achara acháramos acháreis acharam
Future acharei acharás achará acharemos achareis acharão
Conditional acharia acharias acharia acharíamos acharíeis achariam
Subjunctive
Present ache aches ache achemos acheis achem
Imperfect achasse achasses achasse achássemos achásseis achassem
Future achar achares achar acharmos achardes acharem
Imperative
Affirmative acha ache achemos achai achem
Negative (não) não aches não ache não achemos não acheis não achem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Quotations
[edit]

For quotations using this term, see Citations:achar.

[edit]
Descendants
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

From Hindi आचार (ācār) and Urdu آچار (āćār), from Persian آچار (âčâr).

Noun

[edit]

achar m (plural achares)

  1. achar (a spicy and salty pickle of Indian cuisine)
Quotations
[edit]

For quotations using this term, see Citations:achar.

Further reading

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=achar&oldid=80623623"