abnormal
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English
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From ab- + normal. First attested in 1835, replacing the earlier anormal and even earlier abnormous,[1] from Latin abnormis (“departing from normal”), from either (ab- (“away from”) + norma (“rule, norm”)),[2] or Ancient Greek ἀνώμαλος (anṓmalos).[3]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]abnormal (comparative more abnormal, superlative most abnormal)
- Not conforming to rule or system; deviating from the usual or normal type. [First attested around the mid 19th century.][4]
- 1899, Arthur Conan Doyle, chapter 6, in A Duet:
- And then after an abnormal meal, which was either a very late breakfast or a very early lunch, they drove on to Victoria Station.
- Of or pertaining to that which is irregular, in particular, behaviour that deviates from norms of social propriety or accepted standards of mental health. [First attested around the early 20th century.][4]
- 1904, Jack London, chapter 23, in The Sea-Wolf (Macmillan’s Standard Library), New York, N.Y.: Grosset & Dunlap, →OCLC:
- Furuseth was right; I was abnormal, an "emotionless monster," a strange bookish creature, capable of pleasuring in sensations only of the mind.
- 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 161:
- Many of the so-called rites of these secret societies were so patently ridiculous, that it is quite obvious that they were merely an excuse for men and women to indulge in sex-play and lustful gratification, frequently of an abnormal kind.
Synonyms
[edit]- (not conforming to rule or system; deviating from type): aberrant, anomalous, atypical, exceptional, extraordinary, irregular, preternatural, strange, unusual.
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Translations
[edit]not conforming to rule or system
of or pertaining to behaviour that deviates from norms
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
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Noun
[edit]abnormal (plural abnormals)
- A person or object that is not normal.
References
[edit]- ^ Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors), Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 [1998], →ISBN), page 3
- ^ Morris, William, editor (1969), The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, New York, NY: American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc., published 1971, →ISBN, page 3
- ^ Christine A. Lindberg, editor (2002), “abnormal”, in The Oxford College Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Spark Publishing, →ISBN, page 3.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abnormal”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 6.
Cebuano
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English abnormal.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Hyphenation: ab‧nor‧mal
Adjective
[edit]abnormal
- abnormal; deviating from the usual or normal type
- retarded (having mental retardation)
- stupid (lacking in intelligence)
Noun
[edit]abnormal
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:abnormal.
Derived terms
[edit]German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Related to Latin ab- and normal
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]abnormal (strong nominative masculine singular abnormaler, comparative abnormaler, superlative am abnormalsten)
Declension
[edit]Positive forms of abnormal
Comparative forms of abnormal
Superlative forms of abnormal
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Dutch abnormaal, from English abnormal or German abnormal. Equivalent of ab- (“away from”) + normal.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /abˈnɔrmal/ [ap̚ˈnɔr.mal]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɔrmal
- Syllabification: ab‧nor‧mal
Adjective
[edit]abnormal
- abnormal (not conforming to rule or system)
- abnormal (of or pertaining to behaviour that deviates from norms)
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “abnormal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From English abnormal, from Latin abnormis (“departing from normal”), from either (ab- (“away from”) + norma (“rule, norm”)), or Ancient Greek ἀνώμαλος (anṓmalos).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]abnormal (Jawi spelling ابنورمل)
Affixations
[edit]References
[edit]- “abnormal” in Kamus Dewan Perdana, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2021, →ISBN, page 4.
- “abnormal” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From English abnormal, from Latin abnōrmis (“departing from normal”), from both ab- (“away from, off”), from ab (“from, away from, of”), from Proto-Italic *ab, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”), and from nōrma (“norm, standard; rule, precept”) (with the suffix -is), from Etruscan, from Ancient Greek γνώμων (gnṓmōn, “examiner, carpenter's square”), from γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “I am aware of”) (with the suffix -μων (-mōn, “I am aware of”), from Proto-Indo-European *-mō), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵiǵneh₃- (with the suffix -σκω (-skō), from Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). Equivalent to abnorm + -al, suffix from French -al (“-al”), from Middle French, from Old French -al, from Latin -ālis, from Proto-Indo-European *-li-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]abnormal (neuter singular abnormalt, definite singular and plural abnormale, comparative mer abnormal, superlative mest abnormal)
- abnormal (not conforming to rule or system; deviating from the usual or normal type.)
- 1969, Naturen:
- normale og abnormale blodceller
- normal and abnormal blood cells
- 1909, Henrik Ibsen, Efterladte Skrifter I, page 406:
- [de] abnormale mod skjønhedsideen stridende udvæxter
- [the] abnormal outgrowths contrary to the idea of beauty
- 1967, Naturen, page 6:
- abnormalt høye varmestrømmer fra underhavene [områdene under verdenshavene]
- abnormally high heat flows from under the oceans [areas under the world's oceans]
- 2015 February 18, scenekunst.no[X]:
- [han er] ikledd et absurd kontorantrekk fra 60-tallet med abnormalt høyt liv og et stripete slips
- [he is] wearing an absurd office suit from the 60's with abnormally high waist and a striped tie
- abnormal psykologi
- abnormal psychology
- Synonyms: anormal, unormal, uvanlig, usedvanlig, ualminnelig, overordentlig
- Antonyms: normal, vanlig, ordinær, gjennomsnittlig
References
[edit]- “abnormal” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
- “abnormal” in Store norske leksikon
Tagalog
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English abnormal, originally as a pseudo-Hispanism as shown by ultimate stress. The correct Spanish counterpart is anormal.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog)
- Syllabification: ab‧nor‧mal
Adjective
[edit]abnormál or abnormal (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊ᜔ᜈᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜎ᜔)
- abnormal; irregular
- Synonyms: di-karaniwan, di-normal
- (vulgar, colloquial) despicably stupid; useless; expressing improper or irregular behavior
Usage notes
[edit]- The pronunciation /ʔabnoɾˈmal/ is the usual pronunciation attested in dictionaries and is commonly used.
- The pronunciation /ʔabˈnoɾmal/ is commonly used in code-switching speech, especially by younger speakers.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “abnormal”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Categories:
- English terms prefixed with ab-
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)məl
- Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)məl/3 syllables
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English terms with quotations
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- Cebuano terms borrowed from English
- Cebuano terms derived from English
- Cebuano lemmas
- Cebuano adjectives
- Cebuano nouns
- ceb:People
- ceb:Psychology
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German adjectives
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from English
- Indonesian terms derived from German
- Indonesian terms prefixed with ab-
- Indonesian 3-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ɔrmal
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ɔrmal/3 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian adjectives
- Malay terms borrowed from English
- Malay terms derived from English
- Malay terms derived from Latin
- Malay terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Malay 3-syllable words
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/əl
- Rhymes:Malay/əl/3 syllables
- Rhymes:Malay/al
- Rhymes:Malay/al/3 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay adjectives
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from English
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Latin
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Etruscan
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Norwegian Bokmål terms suffixed with -al
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from French
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Middle French
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old French
- Norwegian Bokmål terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Bokmål terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Norwegian Bokmål/ɑːl
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål adjectives
- Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations
- Tagalog terms borrowed from English
- Tagalog terms derived from English
- Tagalog pseudo-loans from Spanish
- Tagalog terms derived from Spanish
- Tagalog 3-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/al
- Rhymes:Tagalog/al/3 syllables
- Rhymes:Tagalog/oɾmal
- Rhymes:Tagalog/oɾmal/3 syllables
- Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation
- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog adjectives
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog vulgarities
- Tagalog colloquialisms