ablativ

See also: Ablativ, ablatìv, ablatív, and ablatīv

Czech

Etymology

Probably from Latin ablātīvus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈablatɪf]
• IPA^(key): [ˈablatiːf]

Noun

ablativ m inan

1. (grammar) ablative (grammatical case)

   Synonym: odlučník

Declension

Declension of ablativ (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	ablativ	ablativy
genitive	ablativu	ablativů
dative	ablativu	ablativům
accusative	ablativ	ablativy
vocative	ablative	ablativy
locative	ablativu	ablativech
instrumental	ablativem	ablativy

Further reading

• “ablativ”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “ablativ”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “ablativ”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from French ablatif (“the ablative case”), from Latin ablativus (“the ablative case”), from ablātus (“taken away”), from auferō (“I take away”).

Noun

ablativ c (singular definite ablativen, not used in plural form)

1. (grammar) the ablative case

Declension

Declension of ablativ

common gender	Singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	ablativ	ablativen
genitive	ablativs	ablativens

Adjective

ablativ

1. ablative

Inflection

Inflection of ablativ

	positive	comparative	superlative
indefinite common singular	ablativ	—	—2
indefinite neuter singular	ablativt	—	—2
plural	ablative	—	—2
definite attributive1	ablative	—	—

¹ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite,
the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
² The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

References

• “ablativ” in Den Danske Ordbog

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin (cāsus) ablātīvus (“ablative case, ablative”), from ablātus (“taken away, stolen, having been stolen”) (with the suffix -īvus, from Proto-Indo-European *-iHwós, from *-wós), perfect passive participle of auferō (“I take away”), from both ab- (“from, away, off”), from ab (“from, away from, of”), from Proto-Italic *ab, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”) + and from ferō (“I bear, carry, bring”), from Proto-Italic *ferō (“to carry, bear”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to be carrying”), from *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”). Doublet of ablasjon.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑːblatiːʋ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iːʋ
• Hyphenation: ab‧la‧tiv

Noun

ablativ m (definite singular ablativen, indefinite plural ablativer, definite plural ablativene)

1. (grammar, linguistics) the ablative case (the fundamental meaning of the case being removal, separation, or taking away)

   substantivet står i ablativ

   the noun is in ablative

   sette noe i ablativ ― put something in ablative (inflect a word into the ablative case)

   • 1918, Hjalmar Christensen, Samtiden:

     følelsen av at befinde sig i en sproglig forsøkskrydsningsanstalt, hvor gemytlige sprogveterinærer nynnende demokratiske melodier, prøver at fremkalde ny livskraft hos rudimenter. Hunkjøn skal atter indføres; jeg venter paa ablativ, dualis og medium

     the feeling of being in a linguistic cross-examination facility, where jovial language veterinarians humming democratic melodies, trying to evoke new vitality in rudiments. Females must be reintroduced; I'm waiting for ablative, dualis and medium

   • 2007 November 27, Aftenposten:

     egentlig bør [mea culpa] oversettes «gjennom min skyld» fordi det er ablativ

     really [mea culpa] should be translated "through my guilt" because it is ablative

Derived terms

• ablativform (“ablative form”)
• ablativisk (“ablative”)

Adjective

ablativ (neuter singular ablativt, definite singular and plural ablative, comparative mer ablativ, superlative mest ablativ)

1. (geology, sciences) ablative (relating to the erosion of a land mass)

   ablative materialer

   ablative materials

Related terms

• ablasjon (“ablation”)

References

• “ablativ” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “ablativ_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “ablativ_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “ablativ” in Store norske leksikon

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French ablatif, from Latin ablativus.

Noun

ablativ n (plural ablative)

1. ablative

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	ablativ	ablativul		ablative	ablativele
genitive-dative	ablativ	ablativului		ablative	ablativelor
vocative	ablativule			ablativelor

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Latin ablativus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /âblatiʋ/
• Hyphenation: a‧bla‧tiv

Noun

ȁblativ m (Cyrillic spelling а̏блатив)

1. (grammar) ablative case

Declension

Declension of ablativ

	singular	plural
nominative	ablativ	ablativi
genitive	ablativa	ablativa
dative	ablativu	ablativima
accusative	ablativ	ablative
vocative	ablative	ablativi
locative	ablativu	ablativima
instrumental	ablativom	ablativima

References

• “ablativ”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from French ablatif (“the ablative case”), from Latin ablativus (“the ablative case”), from ablātus (“taken away”), from auferō (“I take away”).

Noun

ablativ c

1. (grammar) the grammatical case ablative

Declension

Declension of ablativ

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	ablativ	ablativs
	definite	ablativen	ablativens
plural	indefinite	ablativer	ablativers
	definite	ablativerna	ablativernas

Related terms

• ablativform

References

• ablativ in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (8th ed., 1923)

Veps

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ablativ

1. ablative case

Inflection

Inflection of ablativ (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing.	ablativ
genitive sing.	ablativan
partitive sing.	ablativad
partitive plur.	ablativoid
	singular	plural
nominative	ablativ	ablativad
accusative	ablativan	ablativad
genitive	ablativan	ablativoiden
partitive	ablativad	ablativoid
essive-instructive	ablativan	ablativoin
translative	ablativaks	ablativoikš
inessive	ablativas	ablativoiš
elative	ablativaspäi	ablativoišpäi
illative	ablativaha	ablativoihe
adessive	ablatival	ablativoil
ablative	ablativalpäi	ablativoilpäi
allative	ablativale	ablativoile
abessive	ablativata	ablativoita
comitative	ablativanke	ablativoidenke
prolative	ablativadme	ablativoidme
approximative I	ablativanno	ablativoidenno
approximative II	ablativannoks	ablativoidennoks
egressive	ablativannopäi	ablativoidennopäi
terminative I	ablativahasai	ablativoihesai
terminative II	ablativalesai	ablativoilesai
terminative III	ablativassai	—
additive I	ablativahapäi	ablativoihepäi
additive II	ablativalepäi	ablativoilepäi

References

• Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “аблатив”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[1], Petrozavodsk: Periodika