abar

See also: Abar and ABAR

English

Alternative forms

• abarre

Etymology

From a- +‎ bar.

Verb

abar (simple past and past participle abarred, other forms not attested)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To bar, prohibit, or block.

References

• “abar, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

Anagrams

• Raab, arab, Abra, abra, arba, bara, Baar, Arab, raab

Basque

Etymology

Unknown, the word is barely attested before the 20th century but is present in most dialects.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /abar/ [a.β̞ar]
• Rhymes: -abar
• Hyphenation: a‧bar

Noun

abar inan

1. small branch
2. (in the plural) firewood
3. bagatelle, triviality

Declension

Declension of abar (inanimate, ending in -r)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	abar	abarra	abarrak
ergative	abarrek	abarrak	abarrek
dative	abarri	abarrari	abarrei
genitive	abarren	abarraren	abarren
comitative	abarrekin	abarrarekin	abarrekin
causative	abarrengatik	abarrarengatik	abarrengatik
benefactive	abarrentzat	abarrarentzat	abarrentzat
instrumental	abarrez	abarraz	abarrez
inessive	abarretan	abarrean	abarretan
locative	abarretako	abarreko	abarretako
allative	abarretara	abarrera	abarretara
terminative	abarretaraino	abarreraino	abarretaraino
directive	abarretarantz	abarrerantz	abarretarantz
destinative	abarretarako	abarrerako	abarretarako
ablative	abarretatik	abarretik	abarretatik
partitive	abarrik	—	—
prolative	abartzat	—	—

Derived terms

• abarka (“sandal”) (see there for further derivations)
• abarrakitu (“to break”)
• abarreria (“remains”)
• abarreztatu (“to cover with branches”)
• abarrots (“noise”)
• abartegi (“woodshed”)
• abartsu (“leafy”)
• abartu (“to ramify”)
• eta abar (“et cetera”)

 

Further reading

• “abar”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “abar”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Cimbrian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adverb

abar

1. (Sette Comuni) down

   Synonyms: abe, iidar

   Antonym: au

   khèmman abar ― to come down

References

• “abar” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

abar (first-person possessive abarku, second-person possessive abarmu, third-person possessive abarnya)

1. wall
2. brake

Irish

Alternative forms

• eabar

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *adberos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈabˠəɾˠ/

Noun

abar m (genitive singular abair, nominative plural abair)

1. boggy ground, morass

Declension

Declension of abar (first declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative abar abair vocative a abair a abara genitive abair abar dative abar abair forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative an t-abar na habair genitive an abair na n-abar dative leis an abar don abar leis na habair

• Alternative plural: abracha

Derived terms

• abar tirim (“dried top material of bog”)
• abarach
• abracht
• fág san abar (“to leave in the lurch”)
• in abar (“bogged down, stuck in the mud; in a difficulty”)

 

Mutation

Mutated forms of abar

radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
abar	n-abar	habar	t-abar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “abar”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “abar”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “abar”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Javanese

Romanization

abar

1. Romanization of ꦲꦧꦂ

Malay

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [a.ba(r)]
• Rhymes: -bar, -ar
• Hyphenation: a‧bar

Noun

abar (used in the form abar-abar)

1. A wall.

   Synonym: dinding

   abar-abar merah ― red wall

2. An obstruction.

   Synonyms: penghalang, penyekat

Affixations

• berabarkan (“to have as a wall”)

 

Verb

abar (Jawi spelling ابر, active mengabar, 3rd person passive diabar)

1. (transitive) To lessen, to alleviate.

   Synonyms: kurangkan, redakan

2. (transitive) To obstruct.

   Synonyms: halang, sekat

Descendants

• Indonesian: abar

Further reading

• “abar” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Old High German

Etymology

Of obscure formation. Likely from an unrecorded verb *ābarēn (“to be uncovered, be bare”) or *ābarōn (“to uncover, lay bare, expose”), from ā- (“from, away, lacking, absent, reversal”) + bar (“bare”); or from a verb *āberan (“to not bear, not carry”). Probably influenced in meaning by Latin aprīcus.

Adjective

ābar

1. sunny
2. warm
3. dry

Descendants

• Middle High German: āber
  • Alemannic German: aaber, oober, ääber
  • Cimbrian: aapar
  • German: aper

Portuguese

Etymology

From aba +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈba(ʁ)/ [aˈba(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈba(ʁ)/ [aˈba(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /aˈba(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /aˈba(ʁ)/ [aˈba(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈba(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈbaɾ/ [ɐˈβaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈbaɾ/ [ɐˈβaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈba.ɾi/ [ɐˈβa.ɾi]

• Hyphenation: a‧bar

Verb

abar (first-person singular present abo, first-person singular preterite abei, past participle abado)

1. to put a brim on
2. to adjust the brim of (a hat)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	abar
Personal	abar	abares	abar	abarmos	abardes	abarem
Gerund
	abando
Past participle
Masculine	abado			abados
Feminine	abada			abadas
Indicative
Present	abo	abas	aba	abamos	abais	abam
Imperfect	abava	abavas	abava	abávamos	abáveis	abavam
Preterite	abei	abaste	abou	abamos1, abámos2	abastes	abaram
Pluperfect	abara	abaras	abara	abáramos	abáreis	abaram
Future	abarei	abarás	abará	abaremos	abareis	abarão
Conditional	abaria	abarias	abaria	abaríamos	abaríeis	abariam
Subjunctive
Present	abe	abes	abe	abemos	abeis	abem
Imperfect	abasse	abasses	abasse	abássemos	abásseis	abassem
Future	abar	abares	abar	abarmos	abardes	abarem
Imperative
Affirmative		aba	abe	abemos	abai	abem
Negative (não)		não abes	não abe	não abemos	não abeis	não abem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.