Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/olni

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *alˀnīˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁olHnih₂.

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian élnis (“deer”), álnis (“deer”), élnias (“deer”), élnė (“doe”), álnė (“doe”), Latvian alnis (“elk”) and Old Prussian alne (“deer?”).

Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἑλλός (hellós, “deer-calf”), ἔλαφος (élaphos, “deer”), Old Armenian եղն (ełn) and Middle Irish ailit (“doe, hind”).

From the e-grade of the same Indo-European root also *elenь (“deer”), and from a different extension also *olsь (“elk”).

Noun

*òlni f

1. doe

Declension

Declension of *òlni (ī-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*òlni	*olnьji	*olnьję̇
genitive	*olnьję̇	*olnьju	*olnьjь
dative	*olnьjī	*olnьjama	*olnьjāmъ
accusative	*olnьjǫ	*olnьji	*olnьję̇
instrumental	*olnьjējǫ, *olnьjǭ*	*olnьjama	*olnьjāmī
locative	*olnьjī	*olnьju	*olnьjāsъ
vocative	*olnьje	*olnьji	*olnьję̇

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *olnę

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ланиꙗ (lanija), ланьꙗ (lanĭja), лании (lanii), лань (lanĭ), алъниꙗ (alŭnija)
    • Belarusian: лань (lanʹ)
    • Russian: лань (lanʹ)
    • Ukrainian: лань (lanʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: алънии (alŭnii)

    Glagolitic script: ⰰⰾⱏⱀⰻⰻ (alŭnii)

  • Slovene: lanjec
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: laní
    • Czech: laň
  • Old Polish: łani
    • Polish: łania
  • Slovak: laň

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лань”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*olni/*olnьjь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 70

Etymology 2

Relic locative case of Proto-Indo-European *h₂ól-h₁n- (“that, previous time”) (< *h₂el- (“alien, other”)), cognate with Latin ōlim (“at that time”). Suffix perhaps identical with n-extension of Lithuanian pérnai (“last year”), Latvian pērn (“last time”), Proto-Germanic *fernaz (“recent, previous”). According to some interpretations, may be a 0-grade of the root that has yielded Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos, “former time”).

Adverb

*olni

1. last year

Derived terms

• *olnьskъ (“of last year”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: лони (loni)
    • Belarusian: ла́ні (láni) (dialectal)
    • Russian: лони́ (loní), ло́не (lóne) (dialectal)
    • Ukrainian: лони (lony), влони (vlony) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: лани (lani)
  • Bulgarian: ла́ни (láni), ла́нье (lánje) (archaic, poetic)
    • ⇒ Bulgarian: вла́ни (vláni, “in last year”), дола́ни (doláni, “until last year”), пола́ни (poláni, “two years ago”)
  • Macedonian: лани (lani)
    • ⇒ Macedonian: полани (polani, “two years ago”)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ла̑ни, ла́не

    Latin script: lȃni, láne

  • Slovene: láni
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: loni, lóni
    • Czech: loni, vloni; (dialectal) lůni
  • Kashubian: łoni
  • Old Polish: łoni
    • Polish: łoni
  • Old Slovak: lani, vlani, loni, vloni
    • Pannonian Rusyn: влонї (vlonji)
    • Slovak: lani, vlaňí
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: loni (dialectal)
    • Upper Sorbian: loni (dialectal)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лони”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*lani”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 69
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лани”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 306
• “pernai”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012