Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wahsijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwɑx.si.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ug-s-é-ti, a schwebeablaut zero-grade s-extension from *h₂weg- (“to grow”).

Verb

*wahsijaną

1. to grow

Inflection

The j-present was optional.

Conjugation of *wahsijaną (strong class 6 j-present)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*wahsijō	*wahsijaų	—	*wahsijai	?
2nd singular	*wahsīsi	*wahsijais	*wahsī	*wahsijasai	*wahsijaisau
3rd singular	*wahsīþi	*wahsijai	*wahsijaþau	*wahsijaþai	*wahsijaiþau
1st dual	*wahsijōs	*wahsijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*wahsijaþiz	*wahsijaiþiz	*wahsijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*wahsijamaz	*wahsijaim	—	*wahsijanþai	*wahsijainþau
2nd plural	*wahsīþ	*wahsijaiþ	*wahsīþ	*wahsijanþai	*wahsijainþau
3rd plural	*wahsijanþi	*wahsijain	*wahsijanþau	*wahsijanþai	*wahsijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*wōhs	*wōhsį̄
2nd singular	*wōhst	*wōhsīz
3rd singular	*wōhs	*wōhsī
1st dual	*wōhsū	*wōhsīw
2nd dual	*wōhsudiz	*wōhsīdiz
1st plural	*wōhsum	*wōhsīm
2nd plural	*wōhsud	*wōhsīd
3rd plural	*wōhsun	*wōhsīn
	present	past
participles	*wahsijandz	*wahsanaz

Derived terms

• *uberwahsijaną
• ^? *wa(h)smaz
• *wahsmô
• *wahstiz
• *wahstuz

Related terms

• *aukaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *wahsan
  • Old English: weaxan
    • Middle English: waxen
      • Scots: wax
      • English: wax
  • Old Frisian: waxa
    • Saterland Frisian: wacsa, wacsen
    • West Frisian: waakse
  • Old Saxon: wahsan
    • Middle Low German: wassen
      • Low German: wassen
  • Old Dutch: wassan
    • Middle Dutch: wassen
      • Dutch: wassen
        • Afrikaans: was
  • Old High German: wahsan
    • Middle High German: wahsen
      • Central Franconian: wahße, wahsse, waße, waaße (alternative spellings), wase (Dutch-based spelling), wohße (some dialects of Moselle Franconian), wohße, wohsse, woße

        Hunsrik: wachse

      • Cimbrian: baksan
      • German: wachsen
      • Luxembourgish: wuessen
      • Yiddish: וואַקסן (vaksn)
• Old Norse: vaxa
  • Icelandic: vaxa
  • Faroese: vaksa, veksa
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: veksa, vekse
  • Old Swedish: vaxa, væxa
    • Swedish: växa
  • Old Danish: waxæ
    • Danish: vokse
      • Norwegian Bokmål: vokse
  • Gutnish: vaksa
• Gothic: 𐍅𐌰𐌷𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wahsjan)
  • → Catalan: guaixar

Etymology 2

From *wahsą (“wax”) +‎ *-janą.

Verb

*wahsijaną

1. to wax, to cover with wax

Inflection

Conjugation of *wahsijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*wahsijō	*wahsijaų	—	*wahsijai	?
2nd singular	*wahsīsi	*wahsijais	*wahsī	*wahsijasai	*wahsijaisau
3rd singular	*wahsīþi	*wahsijai	*wahsijaþau	*wahsijaþai	*wahsijaiþau
1st dual	*wahsijōs	*wahsijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*wahsijaþiz	*wahsijaiþiz	*wahsijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*wahsijamaz	*wahsijaim	—	*wahsijanþai	*wahsijainþau
2nd plural	*wahsīþ	*wahsijaiþ	*wahsīþ	*wahsijanþai	*wahsijainþau
3rd plural	*wahsijanþi	*wahsijain	*wahsijanþau	*wahsijanþai	*wahsijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*wahsidǭ	*wahsidēdį̄
2nd singular	*wahsidēz	*wahsidēdīz
3rd singular	*wahsidē	*wahsidēdī
1st dual	*wahsidēdū	*wahsidēdīw
2nd dual	*wahsidēdudiz	*wahsidēdīdiz
1st plural	*wahsidēdum	*wahsidēdīm
2nd plural	*wahsidēdud	*wahsidēdīd
3rd plural	*wahsidēdun	*wahsidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*wahsijandz	*wahsidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *wahsijan
  • Old Frisian: wexa
  • Old Saxon: wahsian
  • Old Dutch: *wahsen
    • Middle Dutch: wassen
      • Dutch: wassen
  • Old High German: *wahsen
    • Middle High German: wichsen
      • German: wichsen
        • → Danish: vikse
    • ⇒ Old High German: giwahsen
• Old Norse: vexa
  • Icelandic: vexa