Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/steubaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

*stūbaną

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, obscure”), which may be an extension of Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to whirl, waft, stink, shake; steam, haze, smoke”), and compared with Ancient Greek τῡ́φω (tū́phō, “to smoke”) (though Orel is skeptical of this derivation).^[1] Other theories include derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *stewbʰ- (“to drive about”), and comparison with Ancient Greek στυφελίζω (stuphelízō, “to strike hard, dash, beat, drive away”).^[2]

However, Kroonen prefers to derive the word from a Proto-Indo-European *tsewbʰ- (“to fly about”), with the same metathesis from Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic as seen in *stelaną (“to steal”), and compares Lithuanian siaũbti (“to dash about”).^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsteu̯.βɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*steubaną^[2]^[1]

to fly or whirl about
to fume; smoke; smolder

Inflection

Conjugation of *steubaną (strong class 2)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*steubō	*steubaų	—	*steubai	?
2nd singular	*stiubizi	*steubaiz	*steub	*steubazai	*steubaizau
3rd singular	*stiubidi	*steubai	*steubadau	*steubadai	*steubaidau
1st dual	*steubōz	*steubaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*steubadiz	*steubaidiz	*steubadiz	—	—
1st plural	*steubamaz	*steubaim	—	*steubandai	*steubaindau
2nd plural	*stiubid	*steubaid	*stiubid	*steubandai	*steubaindau
3rd plural	*steubandi	*steubain	*steubandau	*steubandai	*steubaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*staub	*stubį̄
2nd singular	*stauft	*stubīz
3rd singular	*staub	*stubī
1st dual	*stubū	*stubīw
2nd dual	*stubudiz	*stubīdiz
1st plural	*stubum	*stubīm
2nd plural	*stubud	*stubīd
3rd plural	*stubun	*stubīn

	present	past
participles	*steubandz	*stubanaz

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *steuban
- Old Frisian: *stūva
  - Saterland Frisian: stuuwe
  - West Frisian: stowe
- Old Saxon: *stiovan, *stūvan
  - Middle Low German: stûven
    - German Low German: stuven
- Old Dutch: *stūvan
  - Middle Dutch: stuven
    - Dutch: stuiven
      - Afrikaans: stuif, stuiwe
- Old High German: stioban
  - Middle High German: stieben, stiuben
    - German: stieben

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*steubanan ~ *stūbanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 376
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*steuban- ~ *stūban-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 478

[HGE-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*steubanan ~ *stūbanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 376

[EDPG-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*steuban- ~ *stūban-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 478

[1]

[2]