Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunþijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *kunþaz (“known”) +‎ *-janą (“factitive suffix”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkun.θi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kunþijaną

1. to make known, announce

Inflection

Conjugation of *kunþijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kunþijō	*kunþijaų	—	*kunþijai	?
2nd singular	*kunþīsi	*kunþijais	*kunþī	*kunþijasai	*kunþijaisau
3rd singular	*kunþīþi	*kunþijai	*kunþijaþau	*kunþijaþai	*kunþijaiþau
1st dual	*kunþijōs	*kunþijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*kunþijaþiz	*kunþijaiþiz	*kunþijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*kunþijamaz	*kunþijaim	—	*kunþijanþai	*kunþijainþau
2nd plural	*kunþīþ	*kunþijaiþ	*kunþīþ	*kunþijanþai	*kunþijainþau
3rd plural	*kunþijanþi	*kunþijain	*kunþijanþau	*kunþijanþai	*kunþijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kunþidǭ	*kunþidēdį̄
2nd singular	*kunþidēz	*kunþidēdīz
3rd singular	*kunþidē	*kunþidēdī
1st dual	*kunþidēdū	*kunþidēdīw
2nd dual	*kunþidēdudiz	*kunþidēdīdiz
1st plural	*kunþidēdum	*kunþidēdīm
2nd plural	*kunþidēdud	*kunþidēdīd
3rd plural	*kunþidēdun	*kunþidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*kunþijandz	*kunþidaz

Derived terms

• *kunþīgaz
  • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *unkunþīgaz
• *kunþīniz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *kunþijan
  • Old English: cȳþan
    • Middle English: küthen, kiþen
      • English: kithe
      • Scots: kithe
  • Old Frisian: kētha
  • Old Saxon: kūthian
    • Middle Low German: künden
      • → Saterland Frisian: kundje
  • Old Dutch: cunden
    • Middle Dutch: conden
      • Dutch: konden
  • Old High German: kunden
    • Middle High German: künden, kunden
      • German: künden
• Old Norse: kynna
  • Icelandic: kynna
  • Norwegian:
    • Norwegian Bokmål: kynne
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: kynna, kynne
  • Old Swedish: kynna
    • Swedish: kynna
  • Old Danish:
    • Danish: kynde
• Gothic: *𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*kunþjan), 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaswikunþjan), 𐌱𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bikunþjan)