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-izo

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: izo, Izo, and izó

Latin

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Alternative forms

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  • -idiō (non-standard spelling; 2nd c. CE onwards)

Etymology

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek -ίζω (-ízō). At first limited to borrowings from Greek but later become a productive suffix of its own. Doublet of -issō, which is found in an older layer of borrowings.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-izō (present infinitive -izāre, perfect active -izāvī, supine -izātum); first conjugation

  1. Used to form similative verbs from nouns and adjectives.

Conjugation

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   Conjugation of -izō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -izō -izās -izat -izāmus -izātis -izant
imperfect -izābam -izābās -izābat -izābāmus -izābātis -izābant
future -izābō -izābis -izābit -izābimus -izābitis -izābunt
perfect -izāvī -izāvistī -izāvit -izāvimus -izāvistis -izāvērunt,
-izāvēre
pluperfect -izāveram -izāverās -izāverat -izāverāmus -izāverātis -izāverant
future perfect -izāverō -izāveris -izāverit -izāverimus -izāveritis -izāverint
sigmatic future1 -izāssō -izāssis -izāssit -izāssimus -izāssitis -izāssint
passive present -izor -izāris,
-izāre 		-izātur -izāmur -izāminī -izantur
imperfect -izābar -izābāris,
-izābāre 		-izābātur -izābāmur -izābāminī -izābantur
future -izābor -izāberis,
-izābere 		-izābitur -izābimur -izābiminī -izābuntur
perfect -izātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect -izātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect -izātus + future active indicative of sum
sigmatic future1 -izāssor -izāsseris -izāssitur — — —
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -izem -izēs -izet -izēmus -izētis -izent
imperfect -izārem -izārēs -izāret -izārēmus -izārētis -izārent
perfect -izāverim -izāverīs -izāverit -izāverīmus -izāverītis -izāverint
pluperfect -izāvissem -izāvissēs -izāvisset -izāvissēmus -izāvissētis -izāvissent
sigmatic aorist1 -izāssim -izāssīs -izāssīt -izāssīmus -izāssītis -izāssint
passive present -izer -izēris,
-izēre 		-izētur -izēmur -izēminī -izentur
imperfect -izārer -izārēris,
-izārēre 		-izārētur -izārēmur -izārēminī -izārentur
perfect -izātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect -izātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — -izā — — -izāte —
future — -izātō -izātō — -izātōte -izantō
passive present — -izāre — — -izāminī —
future — -izātor -izātor — — -izantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives -izāre -izāvisse -izātūrum esse -izārī,
-izārier2 		-izātum esse -izātum īrī
participles -izāns — -izātūrus — -izātus -izandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
-izandī -izandō -izandum -izandō -izātum -izātū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.
2The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

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Latin terms suffixed with -izo

Descendants

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Borrowings:

References

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  • Meul, Claire. 2013. The fate of the -ID(I)- morpheme in the Central Dolomitic Ladin varieties of northern Italy: Variable conditioning of a morphological mechanism. In Cruschina, Silvio & Maiden, Martin & Smith, John Charles (eds.), The boundaries of pure morphology: Diachronic and synchronic perspectives, 68–95. Oxford University Press.

Spanish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin -īcius. Compare Portuguese -iço, Catalan -ís.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (Spain) /ˈiθo/ [ˈi.θo]
  • IPA(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈiso/ [ˈi.so]
  • Rhymes: -iθo
  • Rhymes: -iso
  • Syllabification: -i‧zo

Suffix

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-izo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -iza, masculine plural -izos, feminine plural -izas)

  1. forms adjectives from other adjectives, nouns, and verbs usually denoting propensity or likeness
    ‎enfermo (“sick”) + ‎-izo → ‎enfermizo (“sickly”)
    ‎rojo (“red”) + ‎-izo → ‎rojizo (“reddish”)
    ‎cobre (“copper”) + ‎-izo → ‎cobrizo (“copper (colored)”)

Derived terms

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Spanish terms suffixed with -izo

Further reading

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