-arius

See also: Arius and Aríus

Latin

Pronunciation

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(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈaː.ri.us/, [ˈäːriʊs̠]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ri.us/, [ˈäːrius]

Etymology 1

From earlier Proto-Italic *-ās-(i)jo- (cf. Oscan sakrasias and Umbrian plenasier), formed from *-āso- (from PIE *-eh₂so-, cf. the Hittite appurtenance suffix -ašša-^[1]), extended with the relational adjectival suffix *-yós (“belonging to”).

Suffix

-ārius (feminine -āria, neuter -ārium); first/second-declension suffix

Used to form adjectives from nouns or numerals.
‎camera (“vault, arch”) + ‎-ārius → ‎camerārius (“climbing, creeping”)

‎ordō (“line, row”) + ‎-ārius → ‎ordinārius (“ordinary, of the rank and file”)

‎quaternī (“four at a time, by fours”) + ‎-ārius → ‎quaternārius (“quaternary”)

Usage notes

The nominative neuter form -arium, when appended to nouns, forms derivative nouns denoting a “place where things are kept”.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
	singular			plural
nominative	-ārius	-āria	-ārium	-āriī	-āriae	-āria
genitive	-āriī	-āriae	-āriī	-āriōrum	-āriārum	-āriōrum
dative	-āriō	-āriae	-āriō	-āriīs
accusative	-ārium	-āriam	-ārium	-āriōs	-āriās	-āria
ablative	-āriō	-āriā	-āriō	-āriīs
vocative	-ārie	-āria	-ārium	-āriī	-āriae	-āria

Derived terms

Latin terms suffixed with -arius (adjective)

Descendants

→ French: -aire m or f by sense
→ Italian: -ario m

References

^ Miller, D. Gary (2006) Latin Suffixal Derivatives in English: and their Indo-European Ancestry, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 140–41

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix

-ārius m (genitive -āriī or -ārī); second declension

(masculine only) -er; Used to form nouns denoting an agent of use, such as a dealer or artisan, from other nouns.
‎argentum (“silver”) + ‎-ārius → ‎argentārius (“banker”)

‎avicula (“little bird”) + ‎-ārius → ‎aviculārius (“bird keeper”)

‎rēte (“net”) + ‎-ārius → ‎rētiārius (“net fighter”)

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	-ārius	-āriī
genitive	-āriī -ārī¹	-āriōrum
dative	-āriō	-āriīs
accusative	-ārium	-āriōs
ablative	-āriō	-āriīs
vocative	-ārie	-āriī

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Derived terms

Latin terms suffixed with -arius (agent noun)

Descendants

Eastern Romance:
- Aromanian: -ar m, -aru, -ariu
- Romanian: -ar m, -ariu m
Italo-Dalmatian:
- Corsican: -aghju
- Italian: -aio
- Sicilian: -aru
Western Romance: *-āirum
- Old French: -ier
  - Middle French: -er
    - French: -ier, -er
    - → English: -eer, -er
  - → Italian: -iere
  - → Old Irish: -aire
    - Irish: -aire
    - Scottish Gaelic: -air
  - → Sicilian: -eri
- Old Occitan: -ier
  - Catalan: -er, -era
  - Occitan: -ièr
  - Sicilian: -eri, -era
- Rhaeto-Romance:
  - Friulian: -âr
- Venetan: -aro, -ar, -er
- West Iberian:
  - Old Leonese: -ero
    - Asturian: -eru
  - Old Galician-Portuguese: -eyro
    - Portuguese: -eiro
    - Galician: -eiro
  - Old Spanish: -ero
    - Spanish: -ero
→ Albanian: -ar
→ Asturian: -ariu
→ Catalan: -ari
→ English: -ary, -arian
- → German: -är
→ Galician: -ario
→ German: -ar
→ Greek: -άρης (-áris)
→ Occitan: -ari
→ Polish: -ariusz
→ Portuguese: -ário
→ Proto-Germanic: *-ārijaz (see there for further descendants)
- Gothic: -𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (-āreis)
  - → Proto-Slavic: *-ařь (see there for further descendants)
→ Sicilian: -àriu
→ Spanish: -ario
→ Basque: -ari

[Miller-1] Miller, D. Gary (2006) Latin Suffixal Derivatives in English: and their Indo-European Ancestry, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 140–41

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