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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
U+7CB2, 粲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CB2

[U+7CB1]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7CB3]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 119, +7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜水火木 (YEFD), four-corner 27904, composition 𣦼)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 909, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26966
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1335, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3148, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+7CB2

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𥹏
𥺤

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰaːns) : phonetic 𣦼 () + semantic (rice).

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-sal (clear, bright, pleasant) (Unger, 1990; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan སལ་བ། (sal ba, clear, distinct, bright).

Benedict, 1972 compares this with Tibetan མཚར་བ (mtshar ba, bright, shining, beautiful) yet this isn't preferrable consider Middle Chinese *tsʰ- corresponds to Written Tibetan gs-.

Luce, 1981 considers the "polished white rice" sense to be related to Burmese ဆန် (hcan, uncooked white rice), perhaps referring to the "clear and bright" nature of uncooked rice.

Same word as (OC *sʰaːns).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (14)
Final () (61)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter tshanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡sʰɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡sʰɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sʰɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡sʰanH/
Li
Rong
/t͡sʰɑnH/
Wang
Li
/t͡sʰɑnH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/t͡sʰɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
càn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
caan3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
càn
Middle
Chinese
‹ tshanH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[tsʰ]ˁar-s/
English bright and white

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 1119
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sʰaːns/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. (literary) polished white rice
  2. (literary) bright; radiant
  3. (literary) beautiful; splendid
  4. (literary) smiling; beaming
  5. (literary) numerous; multitudinous
  6. (literary) Alternative form of (cān, meal)
Compounds
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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“vivid; illuminating; bright; lustrous”).
(This character is the draft (1955) first-round simplified and variant form of ).
Notes:

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

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  • Go-on: さん (san)
  • Kan-on: さん (san)
  • Kun: いい (ī)
  • Nanori: あきら (akira)きよし (kiyoshi)つばら (tsubara)

Korean

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Hanja

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(chan) (hangeul , revised chan, McCune–Reischauer ch'an, Yale chan)

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: sán, xán

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References

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