漂流

Chinese

	to bleach; elegant; polished to bleach; elegant; polished; to float; to drift	to flow; to spread; to circulate to flow; to spread; to circulate; to move
trad. (漂流)	漂	流
simp. ^#(漂流)	漂	流
alternative forms	飄流／飘流

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): piāoliú

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄠㄌㄧㄡˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): piu¹ lau⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phêu-liù
Northern Min (KCR): piáu-liǔ
Eastern Min (BUC): piĕu-liù
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): phiau-liû

(Teochew, Peng'im): piao¹ liu⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: piāoliú
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄠㄌㄧㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: piaolióu
  - Wade–Giles: pʻiao¹-liu²
  - Yale: pyāu-lyóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: piauliou
  - Palladius: пяолю (pjaolju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: piu¹ lau⁴
  - Yale: pīu làuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: piu¹ lau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: piu¹ leo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiːu̯⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phêu-liù
  - Hakka Romanization System: peu^ˊ liu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: peu¹ liu²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰeu̯²⁴ li̯u¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: piáu-liǔ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiau⁵⁴ liu²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: piĕu-liù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰieu⁵⁵ l̃ieu⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiau-liû
  - Tâi-lô: phiau-liû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phiauliuu
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiau³³ liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² liu¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: piao¹ liu⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phiau liû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiau³³⁻²³ liu⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: phjiew ljuw

Rime
Character	漂	流
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	撫招切	力求切
Baxter	phjiew	ljuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰiᴇu/	/lɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰiɛu/	/liu/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰjæu/	/liəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰiaw/	/luw/
Li Rong	/pʰiɛu/	/liu/
Wang Li	/pʰĭɛu/	/lĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pʰi̯ɛu/	/li̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	piāo	liú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	piu¹	lau⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*pʰew ru/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	流
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liú
Middle Chinese	‹ ljuw ›
Old Chinese	/*ru/
English	flow (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	漂	流
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	9753	8335
Phonetic component	票	流
Rime group	宵	幽
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	爂	劉
Old Chinese	/*pʰew/	/*ru/
Notes		或爲毓省聲

Verb

漂流

to drift about on water; to float; to be adrift
(figurative) to drift along; to lead a wandering existence
(sports) to go white-water rafting

Synonyms

(to drift about on water): 漂泊 (piāobó)

Derived terms

Japanese

Kanji in this term
漂	流
ひょう Grade: S	りゅう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ひょーりゅう [hyòóryúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ço̞ːɾʲɨː]

Noun

漂(ひょう)流(りゅう) • (hyōryū) ^{←へうりう (feuriu)^?}

drifting

Verb

漂(ひょう)流(りゅう)する • (hyōryū suru) intransitive suru (stem 漂(ひょう)流(りゅう)し (hyōryū shi), past 漂(ひょう)流(りゅう)した (hyōryū shita))

to drift

Conjugation

Conjugation of "漂流する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	漂流し	ひょうりゅうし	hyōryū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	漂流し	ひょうりゅうし	hyōryū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	漂流する	ひょうりゅうする	hyōryū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	漂流する	ひょうりゅうする	hyōryū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	漂流すれ	ひょうりゅうすれ	hyōryū sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	漂流せよ¹ 漂流しろ²	ひょうりゅうせよ¹ ひょうりゅうしろ²	hyōryū seyo¹ hyōryū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	漂流される	ひょうりゅうされる	hyōryū sareru
Causative	漂流させる漂流さす	ひょうりゅうさせるひょうりゅうさす	hyōryū saseru hyōryū sasu
Potential	漂流できる	ひょうりゅうできる	hyōryū dekiru
Volitional	漂流しよう	ひょうりゅうしよう	hyōryū shiyō
Negative	漂流しない	ひょうりゅうしない	hyōryū shinai
Negative continuative	漂流せず	ひょうりゅうせず	hyōryū sezu
Formal	漂流します	ひょうりゅうします	hyōryū shimasu
Perfective	漂流した	ひょうりゅうした	hyōryū shita
Conjunctive	漂流して	ひょうりゅうして	hyōryū shite
Hypothetical conditional	漂流すれば	ひょうりゅうすれば	hyōryū sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
漂	流

Noun

漂流 • (pyoryu) (hangeul 표류)

hanja form^? of 표류 (“drifting”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
漂	流

Adjective

漂流

chữ Hán form of phiêu lưu (“adventurous”).

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK5-3] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]