惻隱

See also: 恻隐

Chinese

		sorrowful	secret; hidden; concealed
trad. (惻隱)		惻	隱
simp. (恻隐)		恻	隐

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cèyǐn

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄜˋ ㄧㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cak¹ jan² / caak¹ jan²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhek-ún / chhiak-ún / chhek-ín

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cèyǐn
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄜˋ ㄧㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cèyǐn
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻê⁴-yin³
    • Yale: tsè-yǐn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsehyiin
    • Palladius: цэинь (cɛinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹ in²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cak¹ jan² / caak¹ jan²
    • Yale: chāk yán / chāak yán
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsak⁷ jan² / tsaak⁷ jan²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ceg¹ yen² / cag¹ yen²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐk̚⁵ jɐn³⁵/, /t͡sʰaːk̚⁵ jɐn³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek-ún
    • Tâi-lô: tshik-ún
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhek'uon
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ un⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ un⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak-ún
    • Tâi-lô: tshiak-ún
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiak'uon
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ un⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek-ín
    • Tâi-lô: tshik-ín
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhek'ien
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ in⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsrhik 'j+nX

Rime
Character	惻	隱
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	初 (19)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	職 (134)	欣 (57)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	初力切	於謹切
Baxter	tsrhik	'j+nX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰɨk̚/	/ʔɨnX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰɨk̚/	/ʔɨnX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰiek̚/	/ʔiənX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰik̚/	/ʔɨnX/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰiək̚/	/ʔiənX/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰĭək̚/	/ĭənX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯ək̚/	/ʔi̯ənX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	che	yǐn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cik1	jan2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰrɯɡ  qɯnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	隱
Reading #	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǐn
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjɨnX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ʔ](r)ə[n]ʔ/
English	grieved; suffering
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	惻	隱
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	16603	15314
Phonetic component	則	隱
Rime group	職	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	測	隱
Old Chinese	/*sʰrɯɡ/	/*qɯnʔ/

Verb

惻隱

1. (formal) to be sympathetic; to be empathetic; to feel compassion

Synonyms

edit

• 可憐／可怜 (kělián)
• 同情 (tóngqíng)
• 哀憐／哀怜 (āilián)
• 哀矜 (āijīn) (literary)
• 心疼 (xīnténg)
• 悲憫／悲悯 (bēimǐn)
• 憐惜／怜惜 (liánxī)
• 憐憫／怜悯 (liánmǐn)
• 矜憫／矜悯 (jīnmǐn) (literary)
• 罪過／罪过 (Wu)

 

Derived terms

• 惻隱之心／恻隐之心 (cèyǐnzhīxīn)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (惻隱):

• → Japanese: 惻隠(そくいん) (sokuin)
• → Korean: 측은(惻隱) (cheugeun)
• → Vietnamese: trắc ẩn (惻隱)