失敗

See also: 失败

Chinese

		to lose; to miss; to fail	be defeated; to defeat; loss
trad. (失敗)		失	敗
simp. (失败)		失	败

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shībài

  (Zhuyin): ㄕ ㄅㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sat¹ baai⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sṳt-phai

  (Hailu, HRS): shid pai^˖

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sit-pāi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sig⁴ bai⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shībài
    • Zhuyin: ㄕ ㄅㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shihbài
    • Wade–Giles: shih¹-pai⁴
    • Yale: shr̄-bài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shybay
    • Palladius: шибай (šibaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ paɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sat¹ baai⁶
    • Yale: sāt baaih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sat⁷ baai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: sed¹ bai⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐt̚⁵ paːi̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳt-phai
    • Hakka Romanization System: siid^ˋ pai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sid⁵ pai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /sɨt̚² pʰai̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: shid pai^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /ʃit⁵⁻² pʰai³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit-pāi
    • Tâi-lô: sit-pāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sitpai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sit̚³²⁻⁴ pai²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ pai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sit̚³²⁻⁵ pai²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sit̚³²⁻⁴ pai³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sit̚³²⁻⁴ pai³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sig⁴ bai⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sik pāi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sik̚²⁻⁴ pai¹¹/

Verb

失敗

1. (intransitive) to be defeated
2. (intransitive) to fail; to come to nothing; to fall through

   他們的計劃註定要失敗。 [MSC, trad.]
   他们的计划注定要失败。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tāmen de jìhuà zhùdìng yào shībài. [Pinyin]

   Their plan is doomed to fail.

Synonyms

• (to be defeated):

edit

• 打敗 / 打败 (dǎbài)
• 拍輸 / 拍输 (Hokkien)
• 敗北 / 败北 (bàiběi)
• 敗軍 / 败军 (bàijūn) (literary)
• 落敗 / 落败 (luòbài)

 

• (to fail):

edit

• 失利 (shīlì)
• 挫折 (cuòzhé)
• 未成功 (wèi chénggōng)
• 砸 (zá) (colloquial)
• 破產 / 破产 (pòchǎn)
• 跌倒 (diēdǎo)

 

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “to be defeated”): 勝利／胜利 (shènglì)
• (antonym(s) of “to fail”): 成功 (chénggōng)

Noun

失敗

1. failure; defeat

   以失敗告終／以失败告终  ―  yǐ shībài gàozhōng  ―  to end in failure

   最初政府不願承認失敗。 [MSC, trad.]
   最初政府不愿承认失败。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zuìchū zhèngfǔ bùyuàn chéngrèn shībài. [Pinyin]

   Initially the government was unwilling to acknowledge the defeat.

Adjective

失敗

1. failed; unsuccessful

   她是最偉大的女性，最失敗的妻子。 [MSC, trad.]
   她是最伟大的女性，最失败的妻子。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā shì zuì wěidà de nǚxìng, zuì shībài de qīzi. [Pinyin]

   She is the greatest woman but the worst wife.

   我真失敗。／我真失败。  ―  Wǒ zhēn shībài.  ―  I am such a failure.

2. (attributive) failed (of a state)

Derived terms

• 失敗國家 / 失败国家 (shībài guójiā)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (失敗):

• → Japanese: 失敗(しっぱい) (shippai)
• → Korean: 실패(失敗) (silpae)
• → Vietnamese: thất bại (失敗)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
失	敗
しつ > しっ Grade: 4	はい > ぱい Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しっぱい [shìppáí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɕi̥p̚pa̠i]

Noun

失(しっ)敗(ぱい) • (shippai) 

1. failure, miscarriage
2. mistake, fault, error

Synonyms

• (mistake): 錯誤(さくご) (sakugo)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “failure”): 成功(せいこう) (seikō)

Verb

失(しっ)敗(ぱい)する • (shippai suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 失(しっ)敗(ぱい)し (shippai shi), past 失(しっ)敗(ぱい)した (shippai shita))

1. fail
2. make a mistake

Conjugation

Conjugation of "失敗する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	失敗し	しっぱいし	shippai shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	失敗し	しっぱいし	shippai shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	失敗する	しっぱいする	shippai suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	失敗する	しっぱいする	shippai suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	失敗すれ	しっぱいすれ	shippai sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	失敗せよ¹ 失敗しろ²	しっぱいせよ¹ しっぱいしろ²	shippai seyo¹ shippai shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	失敗される	しっぱいされる	shippai sareru
Causative	失敗させる 失敗さす	しっぱいさせる しっぱいさす	shippai saseru shippai sasu
Potential	失敗できる	しっぱいできる	shippai dekiru
Volitional	失敗しよう	しっぱいしよう	shippai shiyō
Negative	失敗しない	しっぱいしない	shippai shinai
Negative continuative	失敗せず	しっぱいせず	shippai sezu
Formal	失敗します	しっぱいします	shippai shimasu
Perfective	失敗した	しっぱいした	shippai shita
Conjunctive	失敗して	しっぱいして	shippai shite
Hypothetical conditional	失敗すれば	しっぱいすれば	shippai sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

• しくじる (shikujiru)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
失	敗

Noun

失敗 • (silpae) (hangeul 실패)

1. hanja form^? of 실패 (“failure”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
失	敗

Verb

失敗

1. chữ Hán form of thất bại (“to fail”).